大型锅炉通用型火焰检测器的软件设计.doc

大型锅炉通用型火焰检测器的软件设计 摘要 火焰检测器是一种和工业生产过程中各种烧嘴或炉窑相配套的，用于检测火焰，实现自动点火和熄火的保护装置。它是针对石油、化工、冶金等行业以及大中型火力发电站的燃气、燃油锅炉的燃烧特点设计的，主要用于高炉点火系统、转炉点火系统、荒煤气点火系统、沼气和天然气点火系统及加热炉点火系统，还可用于火灾的检测。目前火焰检测已成为燃气轮机和各类工业锅炉、蒸汽炉控制系统中的重要部分。在生产过程中一旦燃烧停止就必须立即切断燃料的供应，错误的火焰检测信号往往会导致设备跳闸或者火灾、爆炸等非常严重的后果。 火焰检测器主要是利用传感器把检测到的火焰信号先转换为电信号，然后对该电信号进行处理和显示。目前工业现场普遍使用的有紫外线、红外线火焰检测器和离子式火焰检测器。 本论文的火焰检测器是利用温度差值变化的斜率来判断火焰的状态，满足了快速性；利用传感器测温，实现了火焰检测系统使用的广泛性；考虑到外界环境的影响采用了模糊控制算法，使其具有了很强的鲁棒性。 关键词　火焰检测器；单片机；模糊控制；温差 Design of Universal Flame Detector for Huge Boiler Abstract The flame detector matches various nozzles and furnaces to detect flame in industrial production process and realizes automatic ignition and discharge as a protection device. It is designed aiming at petroleum，chemical，metallurgical enterprises and medium-sized power station gas，characteristics of fuel combustion boilers. It is mainly used for-furnace ignition systems，rotary furnace ignition systems，raw gas ignition systems，gas and natural gas ignition systems and heating furnace ignition systems，but also for fire detection. In addition，the flame detector has become an important part of gas turbines，industrial boilers and steam furnaces. In the production process，when burning stops，must immediately cut off fuel supply. The wrong test signal often leads to equipments trip or fires，explosions or other very serious consequences. So it is very necessary to develop the flame detector. The flame detector firstly converts flames signal into electrical signal with sensors，and then to process electrical signal and display it. At present，ultraviolet， infrared flame detectors and ion-type flame detectors are widely applied. The flame detector uses single-chip calculated temperature rate of change to obtain rapidity；uses sensors test temperature to realize application universality；uses fuzzy control algorithms to have a strong robustness. Keywords flame detector；single-chip；fuzzy control；difference in temperature 目录 TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u 摘要 I Abstract II 第1章