滴灌施肥对土壤铁磷有效性及番茄生长的影响-中国农业科学.pdf

中国农业科学 2004,37(9):1322-1327 Scientia Agricultura Sinica 滴灌施肥对土壤铁、磷有效性及番茄生长的影响 1,3 1 1 2 1 肖 艳 ，陈 清 ，王敬国 ，魏 荔 ，曹一平 1 （农业部植物营养学重点实验室/ 中国农业大学资源与环境学院植物营养系, 北京 100094 ； 2 3 北京市顺义区农业科学研究所，北京 101300 ； 北京市土肥工作站，北京 100029) 摘要：研究了石灰性土壤中畦灌和滴灌方式对土壤pH和有效铁、磷含量的影响。结果表明，滴灌施肥可提高 水、肥生产效率，增加番茄产量。滴灌条件下根围润湿区土壤可以经常保持较高的含水量，pH高于根外非润湿区 和畦灌区，其土壤有效磷的含量高，而土壤有效铁的含量较低。在滴灌施肥条件下配用一定量柠檬酸不仅可降低 润湿区土壤pH，还可提高土壤有效铁含量，并增加叶片中铁、磷的含量，进而果实产量也相应地提高。 关键词：番茄；滴灌；土壤有效磷；土壤有效铁；柠檬酸 Citrate on Mobilization of Fe and P in Calcareous Soil and Its Impact on Growth of Drip-irrigated Tomato 1,3 1 1 2 1 XIAO Yan , CHEN Qing , WANG Jing-guo , WEI Li , CAO Yi-ping ( 1 Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition, MOA/Department of Plant Nutrition , China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094; 2 Agricultural Research Institute of Shunyi District ，Beijing 101300; 3Beijing Soil and Fertilizer Station, Beijing 100029 ) Abstract: Differences in soil pH and DTPA extractable Fe and available P content near to emitter soil and bulk soil were investigated in the open-field experiment with drip and furrow irrigation. Results showed that drip irrigation improved marketable yield of cherry tomato with higher use efficiency of water and fertilizer. Soil available P, water content and pH value are higher in wet part soil of drip irrigation than that in non-wet part and in furrow irrigation plot. However, soil available Fe concentration decreased in drip irrigation. Adding citrate