高中英语知识讲解 现在完成时的被动语态.docVIP

PAGE 现在完成时的被动语态 编稿：张桂琴 审稿： 语法点拨 概念引入 1. Over time I have been changed quite a lot. 经过一段时间我已经变了很多。 2. Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me. 自从20世纪70年代，已经为我（计算机）找到了许多应用。 3. I have also been put into robots and used to make mobile phones as well as help with medical operations. 我（计算机）已经被植入机器人，应用于制造手机，协助进行内科手术。 上述句子中的谓语都用了被动语态的完成时，这就是本单元我们要讲的语法项目。  用法讲解 【高清课堂：被动语态】 Ⅰ.被动语态的概念 语态 1. 英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 2. 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。如： Many people speak Chinese. 3. 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受着。如：上句可变为 Chinese is spoken by many people. 为什么要用被动语态？ 当关注的是事情本身而不是动作的执行者，或者根本不知道动作的执行者时。如: The meeting was put off. 会议被延期了。 My car has been moved. 我的车被人移动了。 动作的执行者很明确时或强调承受者时。 The ceremony was reported in the news last night. 那个仪式在昨天晚上的新闻中报道了。 If you break the school rules, you will be punished. 如果你违背了法律，你将受到惩罚。 当动作的执行者是“people”或 “one” 时。 He is believed to have invented the puter. 大家都相信他发明了计算机。 Advertisements are seen everywhere. 广告随处可见。 修辞的需要，为了使句子更加简练、匀称。 II. 被动语态常用的各种时态 1) 一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are+ 过去分词 I’m often asked to do this work. 我常常被派做这项工作。 2) 一般过去时的被动语态：was/were+ 过去分词 He was sent to the hospital immediately after the accident. 事故后他立刻被送往医院。 3) 一般将来时的被动语态：will/shall + be + 过去分词或 + be going to + be + 过去分词 The work will be finished soon. 这项工作不久就会完成。 4) 现在进行时的被动语态：is/am/are + being+ 过去分词 The bridge is now being constructed. 那座桥正在建造。 5) 现在完成时的被动语态：have/has +been + 过去分词 The radio has been repaired when we phoned the shop. 我们给那家店打电话时，收音机已经修好了。 6) 带情态动词的被动语态 (情态动词 + be + 过去分词) This can be done in a few minutes. 这个可以几分钟后做。 7) 动词不定式的被动式 (to be + 过去分词) It is an honor for me to be asked to speak here. 很荣幸被邀请在这里发言。 边讲边练：翻译句子 1. 全世界越来越多的人讲汉语。 Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world. 2. 1949年中华人民共和国成立。 People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949. 3.明天将对这个问题进行讨论。 The problem will be discussed tomorrow. 4. 纸张一直被认为是中国最重要的发明之一。 Paper has been considered as one of the most import