三相永磁同步电机故障诊断与分析FaultDiagnosisand-Ansys.pdf

三相永磁同步电机故障诊断与分析 [李绍武， 汪文文] [中国矿业大学，江苏徐州，221008] [ 摘 要 ] 目前用于电动汽车的电机类型主要有有刷直流电机、感应电机、永磁电机等，永磁同步电机具 有效率高，功率密度和转矩密度大的优点，是极具发展潜力的电机类型。但电机的工况恶劣、 振动严重、工作环境温度较高等原因使得电机很容易发生故障，其常见的故障有匝间短路、转 子偏心和永磁体退磁等。本文将简要研究分析故障原因和机理，并建立起合适的故障工况下的 有限元仿真模型，分析和提取其故障特征，并提出一些能应用于电机早期故障诊断的判断依据。 本文研究分析了三相永磁同步电机的绕组断线故障、匝间短路故障、转子偏心故障以及永磁体 退磁故障。 [ 关键词 ] 永磁同步电机；故障诊断；有限元法 Fault Diagnosis and Analysis of Three-Phase Permanent Synchronous Machine [Li Shao-wu] [China University of Mining and Technology, Jiangsu Xuzhou, 221008] [ Abstract ] The type of motors used in electric cars at present basically has brush dc motor, induction motor, permanent magnet motor and so on. Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has a great development potential because of its higher efficiency and higher power density and torque density. However, the harsh working conditions, serious vibration and high temperature all can cause the faults of motor happen, the common faults are turn-to-turn short circuit, the rotor eccentricity and permanent magnet demagnetization . This paper will analyses the cause and mechanism of the faults, and set up an appropriate finite element simulation model on the fault conditions, then putting forward some judgment of early fault diagnosis which can be applied to the motor by Analyzing and extracting the fault features. Research and analysis of three-phase PMSM on winding wire fault, short-circuit fault, rotor eccentricity fault and permanent magnet demagnetization are finished in this paper. [ Keyword ] PMSM; fault diagnosis; FEM 1. 前言 随着近年来环境污染和能源短的日益突出，世界各国开始相继重视这两个问题，并提 出对策。永磁