高中英语必修一Units 1-2 Grammars直接引语和间接引语.docx

一．由直接引语变为间接引语需注意的四个变化。 时态变化 人称变化 状语变化（时间状语和地点状语） 句型变化（陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和祈使句） 1．时态变化： 直接引语时态 间接引语时态 一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 一般将来时 过去将来时 现在完成进行时 过去完成进行时 一般过去时 过去完成时 【注意】直接引语变间接引语时态不变的情况。 当直接引语是客观真理时。 当直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语时。 当直接引语是过去完成时态时。 当主句谓语动词是一般现在时、现在完成时、一般将来时态时。 当直接引语表示的是谚语或名人名言时。 当直接引语表示客观的时刻表时。 He said “The earth goes around the sun.” →He said that the earth goes around the sun． Mr. Wang said, “I was born in China in September,1972. ” →Mr. Wang said he was born in China in September,1972. She said, “They had left when I arrived there. ” →She said they had left when she arrived there. She says, “Miss Liu is good at English.” →She says Miss Liu is good at English. He said, “ Where there is a will, there is a way. ” →He said that where there is a will, there is a way. He said, “The plane takes off at 6:30 am.” →He said that the plane takes off at 6:30 am. 2．人称变化: 直接引语代词 I we you me us this these 间接引语代词 he/she they I him/her them that those He said, “I like it very much.” →He said that he liked it very much. He said to me, “I’ve left my book in your room.” →He told me that he had left his book in my room. 3、状语变化 。 直接引语中的状语 间接引语中的状语 now then ago before/earlier today that day this morning/this week…… that morning/week…… yesterday the day before yesterday morning the morning before tomorrow the next day/the following day last week/month… the week/ month before… next week/month… the following/ next week/month.. here there She said to me, ”I lived there five years ago.” → She told me she had lived there five years before. She said to me, “I will see her next week.” →She told me she would see her the next week. 4、句型变化: ㈠直接引语为陈述句时变间接引语的句型变化。 直接引语若为陈述句，变为间接引语时，间接引语往往变成由从属连词that（在口语中可省略）引导的宾语从句，引述动词常用say、tell等，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等都要作相应的变化。如： “I’m tired,” he said. →He said (that) he was tried. Jim said, “I’ve read Tony ’s book and I didn’t understand it.” →Jim said (that) he had read Tony ’s book and he didn’t understand it. ㈡直接引语为疑问句时变间