高中英语 解答完形填空需考虑的十种逻辑关系.docx

解答完形填空需考虑的十种逻辑关系 1因果关系 文中前后句之间是因果关系时，两句之间往往有表示原因和结果的关联词，如：because, so, as a result等；但是，有时两句之间却没有表示因果的信号词，这时前后句之间存在着一种隐性的因果关系。 [例1]?He might not have done this particularly well,??46??the teacher told Gabriel that he had a good ear and suggested that Gabriel go into the music store-room to see if any of the instruments there appealed to him.?(2017年江苏卷) 46. A. because ???????B. but ????????? ? ? C. though ? ? ? ? ? ?D. so 解析：本题考查表示前后句之间逻辑关系的连接词。句意：他也许弹（钢琴）得并不特别好，因为老师说他对音乐的领悟能力不错，并建议他去乐器贮藏室看看是否有令他喜欢的乐器。他弹得不够好，也许是因为钢琴不太适合他，是因果关系，故选A。 [例2]?They saw a man??36 ??out of a garbage can. She asked her mother why he did that and her mother said that the man was homeless and hungry.?(2017年北京卷) 36. A. jumping ?B. eating? ? ? ?C. crying ? ??D. waving ?? 解析：后一句中的“the man was homeless and hungry（这个男人无家可归且饥肠辘辘）”表示原因，本句表示结果，即前果后因。由因推果，可知“他们看见一个男人正在捡垃圾桶里的食物吃”，故选B。 2条件关系 条件关系就是指从句提出一种条件，主句说明在这种条件下产生的结果。常见关联词有if, unless, on condition that等。 [例3]?“I can help, Mum！” James said. “?44??I can make you and Dad feel better, can Brett come over? ?Please？”?(2014年江西卷) 44. ?A. As ????B. If ????C. Since ??D. Before ?? 解析：“如果我能让你和父亲感觉好一点儿”与“Brett能过来吗？”是条件与结果的关系，?故选B。 [例4]The children of Nome would be??37??if it?(a deadly infectious disease mainly affecting children) struck the town. Dr. Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick.?(2016年北京卷) 37. A. harmless? ????? B. helpless? ?????? ? ? ?C. fearless ? ? ? ? ?D. careless ????? 解析：由从句条件推知主句结果。由?“如果这种（主要传染给孩子的致命的）疾病袭击了这个镇子”可推知，“Nome镇的孩子们就会很无助了”，故选B。 3让步关系 一般说来，让步关联词分为介词类和连词类。介词类的让步关联词有despite，in spite of, regardless of等，连词类有though，although，as和while以及even if, even though等。 [例5]Looking around, he continued, “Cathy has inspired?us with her will?and enthusiasm.???33 ??skills and talents bring great success, the most valuable asset(财富)one can hold is the heart.”??(2016年天津卷) 33. A. Although ????B. Since ????? ? ? ?C.?Once ? ? ? ? ??D. Because 解析：由主句“the most valuable asset(财富)one can hold is the heart?(然而，一个人拥有的最大财富是内心)”可推知