Chapter_2_英语词汇的来源.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * “Pioneer” once signifying” explorer” only or “ person doing pioneering work” has now taken on the new meaning of “ a member of the Young Pioneer” from Russian “Fresh” has adopted the meaning of “ impertinent, sassy, cheeky” under the influence of the German word “ frech”. The Foreign Elements in the English vocabulary 见27页 The Scandinavian element in English An interesting feature of the language is a number of Danish forms existing side by side with the English forms in the English vocabulary 见28页 The Scandinavian words into English were not only nouns, adjectives, but also pronouns, prepositions, adverbs, and verbs. 见29页 Words from French can be divided into two groups: 1. French loan words in the middle English period 2. French loan words after the middle English period 见32 页 1. French loan words in the middle English period connected with government: government, administration, state, crown, authority, court connected with religion: religion, theology, prayer, dean, lesson, clerk, devotion Words connected with Law Justice, judgment, crime, evidence, proof, blame, arrest, Words connected with army: Army, peace, enemy, arms, captain, defence, soldier, guard, Words connected with fashion and food Dress,cloak, collar, button, boots, diamond, beef, pork, mutton, bacon, biscuit, cream, sugar, orange, lemon. Words connected with arts, literature Art, painting, learning, beauty, colour, figure, image, tragedy, title, story, pen 2. French loan words after the Middle English period: The words are connected chiefly with arts, with food and drink, with fashion and with diplomacy. 见33页 The Latin Element in the English Vocabulary The First period of Latin influence: There was no opportunity for direct contact between Latin and Old English in England, so many words came in through Celtic transmission. 见35页 知识回顾Knowled