信号分子与信号转导.pptx

Chapter 25;Cell communication Multiple cells, Environment Cell survive, growth, differentiation and function Organization Significance Signal transduction: Cell response to the signals inside or outside of cells; Year; year ;Section 1;Ⅰ. Extra-Cellular Chemical Signaling;1. Chemical signaling exists in evolution ;Cell communication in multiple-cell organism;Either hormone or cytokine is regulated in a network manner in mammalian;3 types of chemical molecules, action at different distance ;;;3 types of Soluble chemical signaling; 3. Cell surface molecules as important extra-cellular signals ;Juxtacrine ;T cell: FasL (one kind of cytokine) Target cell: Fas (one kide of cell surface antigen, CD95);Interaction between cells receptor and Ligand receptor and counter receptor;Ⅱ. Special Receptor Accepting Extra-cellular Signals;The characters of receptor-ligand binding ;2. Receptors distribution  in either cell suface membrane or cytosol ;Ⅲ. Signal molecule structure, concentration and distribution;Signal transducer all molecules involved in signaling including Second messenger Signal transduction pathway Sequence of each signal Cross-talking Cross point between two pathways Signal transduction network Cross linking among many pathways;Basic manners to transduce the signal ;2. Alteration of Protein conformation;Protein conformational change;;3. Adjust signal amount and location within cell ;2 ways changing cell response Signal mole. conc or activity Signal mole. cellular localization - ;Summary of Section 1;Section 2;Ⅰ. Essential requirement as a Second messenger;Second messenger Conc. Change resulting in signaling activation Enzyme regulation: generation or degradation ;Ⅱ. Cyclic neucleotides are important second messenger;Structure and metabolism of cAMP and cGMP;(1) Structure of two nucleotide cyclase;Adenylate cyclase，AC;Guanylate cyclase，GC;(2) Phosphodiesterase , PDE;;2. Cyclic nucleotide regulate