高考英语句法第讲定语从句课件.ppt

2. 怎样选择介词。 （1）一般来说，确定关系代词前的介词，可以从以下两方面入手：以从句中动词、形容词、名词与介词的固定搭配而定； 以先行词与从句中的动词关系及所表达的含义而定或以先行词在定语从句中的作用与含义而定。 （2）表示“整体和部分关系”、“同位关系”或“所属关系”，介词常用of。常见结构：在some, any, few, little, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each等代词或数词的前后可以用of which/whom；也可在the +比较级或最高级前后用of which/whom等。 3. from where为“介词＋关系副词”结构，但也可以引导定语 从句。 【真题变式】用定语从句合并句子。 (2012·山东高考)Maria has written two novels. Both of them have been made into television series. →________________________________________________ _______________________ Maria has written two novels, both of which have been made into television series. 热点考向 4 特殊的定语从句 介词+关系代词+不定式 省略式定语从句 关系代词与从句之间有插入语 插入式定语从句 先行词与关系代(副)词分隔 分隔式定语从句 【真题变式】用定语从句合并句子。 (2012·浙江高考)Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature. For some reason, he had withdrawn from all human society. →__________________________________________________ _________________________________________ Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, who, for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society. 易错点 1 混淆关系代词与关系副词 （母题）（2011·陕西高考）I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends, ______ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake. A. which B. where C. who D. that 【解析】选B。考查定语从句。句意：我和我的朋友们一直走到了山顶，在那里我们欣赏到了美妙的湖光景色。把定语从句补全为：We enjoyed a splendid view of the lake at the top of the hill. 由此可知，定语从句中缺少的成分为地点状语，故选择where一项。 （变式）I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends, ______ were interested in climbing mountains. A. which B. where C. who D. that 【解析】选C。考查定语从句。句意：我和我的朋友们一直走到了山顶，他们对爬山很感兴趣。定语从句中缺少的成分为主语，且指的是人，故使用who。 【误区点拨】 ①选用关系代词还是关系副词取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词; 而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。 ②准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、宾、定、表、状)，才能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。关系词的选择依据在从句中所作的成分，先行词在从句中作主语、定语、宾语、表语时，选择关系代词 (who, whom, that, which, whose); 先行词在从句中作状语时，应选择关系副词 ( where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语)。 * 第2讲 定语从句 1. （2013·湖南高考）Happiness and success often come to those ______ are good at recognizing their own strengths. A. whom B. who