动词不定式的被动语态1选修.pptxVIP

Unit 2 Robots —— Grammar;一、Revise the Passive Voice 主动语态 （the active voice） 被动语态（the passive voice） 如： ①Everyone enjoys exciting sports. (主动语态) 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者; ②Exciting sports are enjoyed by everyone. (被动语态) 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。;;如：我的家乡发生了很大的变化。 不能说：Great changes have been taken place in my hometown.;;1. 复习动词不定式的主动被动结构;1. The dam _____ by the year 2020, will benefit the whole country. A. being completed B. to complete C. completed D. to be completed;2. 动词不定式的被动语态在句子中的作用 1) 做主语（常用it做形式主语） To be offered sympathy by a robot is ridiculous. 被邀请参加这个亚运会开幕式，是一大荣幸。 2) 做表语 The party is to be held next Saturday evening. 明年, 这种新药将在500个过度肥胖的人上进行试验。;3) 做宾语 She didn’t like to be treated as a child. He pretended to have been beaten by his step-father. 这位职员不希望被她的顾客嘲笑。;5）做定语 What a victory to be envied by those women! 英国人对即将在伦敦举行的奥运会感到骄傲。;3. 在下列情况中用不定式的主动形式表示被动意思。 1) 不定式作后置定语，与被修饰的名词或代词构成 逻辑上的动宾关系，但又与该句主语（或另一名 词/代词）构成逻辑上的主谓关系时, He has nothing to eat. 分析： eat 动→nothing宾 / he 主→eat 谓 I will give you a book to read . 分析： _____ 动→________宾/ _____主→_____谓 这个优雅的女人有事情要宣布。;★ 比较： I have a lot of letters to type . (我有很多信件要打印：I will type the letter) I have a lot of letters to be typed. (意思为： I get sb. to type the letter) 1) I’ll go to New York. Have you anything ____________(take) to your wife there? 2) Do you have any clothes ____________(wash),  sir?” asked the maid 3) I cannot go out now as I have a lot of clothes ___________(wash);3. 在下列情况中用不定式的主动形式表示被动意思。 2) 在“主语+表语（形容词）to do” 中， 主语也是 不定式的逻辑宾语,即不定式动词和主语之间是 动宾关系。 This question is easy to answer. （分析：answer (动)------this question （宾）） ★ 注意： 如果动词为不及物动词，则要注意介词的搭配。 John is difficult to deal with. （分析：_________(动)----________(