居民室温快速准确的控制论文.doc

摘 要 集中供暖工作是我国北方城市生活中的大事，其大规模实施为提高城市的现代化水平，改善城市的大气环境做出了突出贡献。但传统供暖系统自适应能力和智能控制的缺乏使供暖工作并没有得到广大群众的充分肯定，如何提高暖气控制系统的自动化和现代管理程度，是当前供暖工作研究的重要课题之一。 针对供暖系统的现状，本文提供了一种节能环保、科学合理和具有现代智能控制思想的实施方案。温度是一类大时滞、非线性物理量，很难对其建立精确的数学模型和用经典控制方法控制。本文从供暖系统的自适应调节功能出发，采用模糊PID的控制方式，以PLC作为核心控制器件，通过相关感测和执行机构，实现对居民室温快速准确的控制。同时，本文还提供了适用于小区和供暖部门关于暖气费用收缴的管理软件。该软件在上位机中建立暖气用户的数据库，通过上位机与下位机间的串行通讯，将上位机中用户的缴费信息发送到下位机，实现对阀门的控制，从而完成对小区暖气缴费的管理。实验观测证明，本设计方案能够根据不同情况对暖气用户室温进行自动调节，能够在中央计算机的要求下控制每个用户暖气的开闭，并能够监测每个用户的室温，有效地提高暖气管理人员的工作效率，且有反应快，精度高等优点，有较强的实用性。 关键词：PLC，PID控制，数据库，通讯 ABSTRACT Central heating is an event in the northern city life, it was largely implemented makes outstanding contributions for improving urban modernization level and urban atmospheric environment. But the traditional heating system doesn’t get fully affirmed by the masses because it is lack of adaptive function and intelligent control. How to improve the automation and modern management level of heating control system, which is one of the important topics on current study of heating work. Concerning the current situation of heating system, this paper provides a kind of energy conservation, environmental protection, science, reasonable solutions with modern intelligent control idea. Temperature is a large delay and nonlinear physical quantity, it is difficult to be control by precise mathematic model and classical control method. Begin with the adjustment and adaptive function of heating system, introducing fuzzy PID control method, using the computer as the core control devices, employing the relevant sensors and actuators, this paper realize the fast and accurate control to room temperature of resident. At the same time, this paper also provides the management software which applicable to take over heating fee for residential and heating department. This software establishes the database of heating users’ in upper computer, by serial communication between upper computer and lower computer, according the users’ information from upper compu