植物学及园艺学英文版-botany-and-horticulture-(27).pptVIP

* Darwin’s Evidence: The beaks of the Galapagos Finches Darwin observed 14 species of finches in the Galapagos Islands, and noticed variations in their beaks and in what they ate in the different islands. Darwin proposed that the different beaks represented evolutionary adaptations that improved their ability to eat the foods available in the different islands Darwin formulated the hypothesis that evolution occurs because of natural selection evolution: modification of a species over generations natural selection: 1)Individuals that are best adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce 2) Over time, more individuals in a population will have the advantageous traits In other words, the natural environment “selects” for beneficial traits: “The survival of the fittest” Post-Darwin Evolution Evidence New fossils are found all the time that suggest evolution has happened Anatomical similarities between different organisms also suggest we have had a common ancestor Darwin’s initial hypothesis became a theory because of the large amount of evidence that supported it. Observation New observations are made, and previous data are studied. Hypothesis Input from varioussources is used to formulatea testable statement. Conclusion The results are analyzed, and the hypothesis is supported or rejected. Scientific Theory Many experiments and observations support a theory. Experiment/Observations The hypothesis is tested by experiment or further observations. Copyright ? The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. The Scientific Method in Biology “possible and testable explanation for an observation” “best current explanation for an observation” “lots of evidence supports its validity” Lab 1 Special Topic 1 (R) Lab 1: Tutorial about the Scientific method We will do this one face-to-face in the lab (ANXNO003), but in the future you can do online labs on your own) Need a computer/Work in group. Do online