高中英语句子成分分析专题课件.ppt

温馨提示：间接宾语在下列情况下可以改为一个由to或for引起的短语 1. 当直接宾语是一个人称代词时： Give it to me. Cf. give me the book. I’ll order it for you. Cf. I ordered us three dishes. 2. 需要对间接宾语加以强调时： I’ve bought this book for you, not for myself. 简单句的五种形式 S + P I am astonished. S + V Albert Einstein’s name never dies. The book sells well. S + V + O Raga likes sports, gardening and playing the drums. S + V + o + O Can you tell me the way to the station? S + V + O + C We call him a walking dictionary. Time flies fast. There will be a good meal for us at our aunt’s. The rive rose ten feet in the night. I heard him shout. He bought some sweets for his son. I prefer my coffee hot. Don’t worry about me; just take care of yourself. You can rely on him to do anything that is necessary. A lot of noise is going on outside. The little girl can dress herself now. It was a pity that you didn’t watch that wonderful match. I felt my heart beat rapidly. Do you want to come to the party? We should do something to help the students in difficulties. How long have you worked in the hospital? 句子的构成 基本句型 主语+系动词+表语（主系表） 主语+不及物动词+（其他成分） 主语+及物动词+宾语（主谓宾） 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补 句子成分 主语 谓语 宾语 表语 宾补 定语 状语 同位语 1. I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday. ↓ 主语 ↓ 谓 语 ↓ 定语 ↓ 宾 语 ↓ 同位语 ↓ 状 语 She is a teacher. 名词、代词、形容词,动名词,分词,不定式,介词短语,从句等 放在连系动词后表示主语的身份或特征。 predicative 表语 You read the book. 动词 表示主语的动作或状态 predicate 谓语 I am a student. 名词、代词,动名词,不定式,从句等 句子所要说明的动作或状态的主体（人或事物） subject 主语 例句 常用词类 说明 英文名 句子成分 Run quickly. 副词,形容词,分词,不定式,介词短语,从句等 修饰动词形容词副词之用，表示时间地点状态程度等含义 adverbial 状语 The black dog barks. 形容词,动名词,分词不定式,介词短语,从句等 限定或修饰名词、代词等 attribute 定语 Mike did the job. 名词、代词,动名词,不定式,从句等 表示及物动词动作的对象 object 宾语 Oh, hello, I think, to tell you the truth, Mr. Li, Your Majesty, Mum. Yes, no 感叹词副词短语 与全句没有什么语法关系，有感叹词、肯定与否定的答语、插入语、呼语等 Independent elements 独立成分 This is Mr. Li, our headmaster. The news that he is ill worries us. 名词、数词、代词或从句 对前面的名词或代词做进一步解释。 appositive 同位语 I find the book very boring. 名词、形容词,分词,不定式介词短语等 对宾语进行补充说明，与宾