第七讲　主谓一致.docVIP

第七讲　主谓一致 第一课时　知识过关课 读语篇，悟语法。反复朗读下列短文。领悟画线黑体部分。思考：主谓一致包括哪些原则？分别在什么情况下使用语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近原则？ My seatmate James, whose parents have__been__teaching[1] English in Guangzhou for ten years，comes[2] from the United States, which is[3] one of the most developed countries in the world.He as well as his parents enjoys[4] living in Guangzhou because neither James nor his parents find[5] it difficult to adapt to the life in China.In their opinion, many a custom here is[6] easy to understand and ten years is[7] enough for them to get used to all the customs. I, together with James, extremely like[8] English but physics seems[9] rather difficult for us.Besides，both he and I are[10] very fond of reading story books, and the Arabian Nights is[11] one of the most interesting books that have__been__read[12] by us.Our class is[13] united as a big family.Now the class are[14] preparing for the coming sports meet, so large quantities of our recent time have__been__spent[15] on it.What we need is[16] a qualified coach because being trained properly is[17] of great importance.We each are all aware that each of us plays[18] an important role in our class.We have decided to hold a celebration if getting a good result but when and where we are going to hold it hasn’t__been__decided[19]． 1.语法一致原则，复数主语用复数谓语动词。 2．语法一致原则，单数主语用单数谓语动词。 3．意义一致原则，若主语形式上为复数，而意义上是单数，动词要用单数。本句中的the United States虽然形式上是复数，但指的是一个国家，替代它的which作主语，谓语用单数。 4．语法一致原则，“A as well as/together with/with B”结构在主语位置时，主语是A，因此，谓语动词与A保持一致。 5．就近原则，由or，either...or，nor，neither...nor，not only...but also，not...but连接的并列主语，通常按照就近一致原则，谓语动词的单、复数形式依照靠近它的主语而定。 6．语法一致原则，“many a(很多)/more than one(不止一个)＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 7．意义一致原则，表示时间、距离、金钱、重量、度量、容量、温度等的复数名词作主语时，通常看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。 8．语法一致原则，主语后面接说明主语的修饰语together with，谓语动词不受修饰成分的影响，仍保持同主语一致的关系。 9．意义一致原则，以－ics结尾表示学科的名词作主语时，通常表示单数意义，谓语动词用单数形式。 10．语法一致原则，当主语是both...and连接的并列结构，如果主语指的是两个或两个以上的人或物，则谓语动词用复数。 11．意义一致原则，复数形式的专有名词(表示国家、城市、机构、组织以及书籍、报纸、杂志等)作主语，通常作为整体看待，谓语动词用单数。 12．语法一致原则，one of＋复数名词＋定语从句，之前有th