建筑采光和遮阳许鹏.ppt

建筑遮阳和日光照明Building shading and daylighting control;Contents内容纲要;*;*;Windows are more important than any other building components in term of energy impact In cold climate, more than 50% heat loss are through windows In hot climate, direct solar heat gain is about 1/3 of cooling load Lighting energy consumption is more than heating and cooling combined in commercial buildings ;Low-energy intensity design and windows;Year of Built, Government office building built at different years; Worst energy intensity buildings get worse and worse ;Background;Contents内容纲要;The major flux is direct solar beam in summer In winter, heat loss is the biggest problem Second transfer is important Tint glass is not very useful ;Window and shading design principles Use exterior shading, or shading in between glasses, internal shading is useless Design the building to shade itself Use a horizontal form for south windows Maximizing windows in north Recessed windows, somewhat useful on the east Use a vertical form on east and west windows. Give west and south windows shading priority. East is not important The shade’s color modifies light and heat. Movable shading is better than fixed shade. Use movable devices if budget is allowed;West shading is hardest, vertical louvers sometimes not working;Reducing the size of overhang furthermore;Design shading for glare relief as well. Use exterior shading to reduce glare by partially blocking occupants’ view of the too-bright sky.;Dirt accumulation on blades, negative effects on building appearance Poor reliability. Actuators and mechanical systems are prone to failure due to exposure to wind, sun and rain. Difficult to repair. Visually unattractive. To avoid glare, blades are typically shut off in winter and useful solar heat is blocked too ;Interior shading system;Double facades with ventilation ;Shading in between the glasses, dynamic facade;Contents内容纲要;Day lighting is untapped energy source in buildings;Day lighting saving potentials;D