三 2020二模阅读和任务型专项.pdf

阅读理解 1、顺义二模 C Social Bond of Animals Friendship is an important part of human life. Friends can share our joys and our hardships. We aren’t alone. Many different animals also make friends. Recently, a British research team finished an eight-year study of Indo-Pacific dolphins off the coast of Western Australia. These dolphins can use different tools to search for food. The researchers found that these dolphins are more willing to hang out with partners that like the same tool. Other factors, like family closeness or sex, have no influence on this relationship. “It suggests that dolphins form social bonds (纽带) based on shared interests,” UK biologist Simon Allen told Science Daily . “Using different tools is time-consuming (耗时间的)” for dolphins to cooperate. Apart from dolphins, elephants, horses and bats are also known to form friendships. Are friendships only limited to the same species? Of course not. The Atlantic reported, in 2015, a goat Timur was originally left in the tiger Amur’s enclosure ( 围场) as a meal. But instead of eating Timur, Amur likes to play with it and gets jealous when others are close to his friend. The Atlantic said it’s not unusual among captive ( 圈禁的) animals. That’s because in captivity, animals don’t need to spend much time and energy marking their territory (领地) or looking for mates the way they would in the wild. They are actually more likely to feel bored. “In this particular situation, the animal’s motivation to engage (参与) socially and playfully may be higher than eating.” More interestingly, animals not only make friends but also try to keep lasting friendships. Take bats for example. In 2011, scientists found bats prefer to hang out with a few certain friends, keeping loo