河南省中考英语复习题型四阅读理解课件.ppt

河南题型四　阅读理解;说明文体裁 阅读理解中说明文(尤其是科技类说明文)，因生词多、 信息量大、难理解，是考生经常做错的题目。 主旨大意题 考生由于不会把握文章的主旨大意，所以经常在关于 概括文章主旨大意、作者写作意图类的题目中触雷。;一、选择型阅读理解“三步定位法” 第一步 看题干，定位题干关键词。 先看问题，找出题干中的关键词，猜测文章大意。 第二步 读文章，一次定位找原文。 带着关键词快速通读全文，画出与题干内容相关的词汇 和句子，并在脑海中形成篇章结构图。;第三步 回看题，连线解读定答案。 细读题干、选项，针对已画出的原文内容进行二次定位， 精准连线，锁定答案。;二、具体解题技巧 1．细节理解题 多从文章的某个具体事实或细节出发来设计题目，考查 对文章具体事实和细节的理解能力，属于表层理解题范 畴，难度较小，但所占比例最大，一般占总分值的60%～ 85%。常见的设题方式有：用what, where, which, why, who, how等疑问词进行提问；用according to. . . 开头，后 接短文具体内容；用动宾结构、介宾结构或系表结构等方 式设题；以．. . because的提问方式设题等。;解答这类题要学会以下技巧： (1)如果所提问题是文章中现成的内容可直接搜寻； (2)细读文章的第一段或前几句，注意每段的开头句和结 尾句； (3)重视结尾段，作者一般会在结尾段作出总结，表达自 己的观点。 ;例 （2012·温州中考)I grew up in New Hampshire, a small town in South Canada, where in my father's words for the seasons were “Spring, Summer, Fairtime and Winter！” At that time, a week-long fair(集市) was held in the town every autumn. Thousands of people from other towns came to sell and buy things. It was the busiest time of the year. ;·Thousands of people came to the town to at the fair. A．enjoy Grandma's food B．sell and buy things C．learn to cook D．have a big party 【解析】 B 由本段第三句话可知，数千人来到小镇是 为了在集市上买卖东西，故选B。;2．推理判断题 一般来说主要有：对细节的推理判断；对某个问题或某一 部分的观点、态度的推理判断；对作者在整篇文章中的态 度、观点和写??意图的推理判断。常见的设题方式有： (1)The sentence/paragraph/passage infers that. . . ；(2)We can learn from the sentence/paragraph/passage that. . . ; (3)The sentence/paragraph/passage implies that. . . ；;(4)By saying. . . , the author means. . . ; (5)What can we infer from the. . . ; (6)At the end of the passage the writer suggests. . . ；(7)From the second example we can infer that. . . ；(8)It can be concluded/inferred from the passage that. . . ;例One day, a little boy decided to dig a hole behind his house after watching a science program. As he was working, a couple of boys stopped by to watch. “What are you doing？” asked one of the visitors. “I want to dig a deep hole all the way through the earth！” the boy answered excitedly. The older boys began to laugh, telling h