主谓一致最新版本.ppt

* 主谓一致 主谓一致是指谓语动词在形式上与句子主语保持一致。即谓语在人称和数上须和主语保持一致。一致原则有： 形式一致：与主语在形式上取得一致。主语为单数， 谓语用单数。主语为复数，谓语用复数。 意义一致：与主语在意义上保持一致。主语虽为单 数，但意义为复数，谓语用复数。主语虽 为复数，但意义为单数，谓语用单数。 1）The crowd were running for their lives. 2）Three years in a strange land seems like a country. 就近一致：谓语动词的单复数形式取决于邻近的词的 形式。 I.形式一致 1.单数名词、代词，不可数名词, 单个的动词不定式，动名词短语或从句作主语, 谓语动词用单数形式。但由and连接的两个并列结构，谓语动词用复数。 To see is to believe. Seeing is believing. Smoking ______ harm to your health. Failure ______ the mother of success. What he said ______ quite right. The questions raised by Tom ______ very important. To work hard and to realize my wish _______ my aims. What I saw and what I heard _______ the same. 2.用and，both...and 连接的并列主语,谓语动词多用复数。但如果并列的名词指的是同一个人、同一事物或表示同一概念时，谓语动词用单数。（这时and 后接名词前无冠词） 1）To go to bed early and to get up early ____ a good habit. 2）Both bread and butter _____ sold in the shop. 3）Bread and butter ______ served for breakfast in this hotel. 4）A cart and horse ______seen in the distance. 5）The girl’s teacher and friend ___ a young lady. 6）The poet and writer ______ arrived. The poet and the writer ______ arrived. is are is was is has have 7）What he says and what he does ____ not agree. 8）What caused the fire and how much the loss _____ still unknown. 3.由and连接的两个单数主语前分别有every, each, many a, no修饰时，谓语用单数。即every…and every…,each…and each…,no…and no…及many a …and many a…. ①Every boy and every girl ___ to the party. (invite) ②Each boy and each girl ______ got a seat.(have) ③No teacher and no student ______ admitted. ④Many a desk and many a bench ______ out of the hall.(take) ⑤Many a man ______ it before.(see) do were 4.在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数与其后的主语一致。在there be句型中,如果有多个名词，谓语动词应与第一个名词保持一致。 ①South of the town ______ a city. ②On the wall ______ several pictures. ③There ______ an apple and three oranges on the plate.(be) ④There ______ to be four gunmen watching on the temple.(seem