计算机科学与工程系网络笔记重点.ppt

Flag Address Control Data FCS Flag HDLC Supports only single protocol environments Flag Address Control Proprietary Data FCS Flag Cisco HDLC HDLC Frame Format Cisco’s HDLC has a proprietary data field to supportmultiprotocol environments PPP Encapsulation TCP/IP Novell IPX AppleTalk Multiple protocol encapsulations using NCPs in PPP PPP can carry packets from several protocol suites using Network Control Programs PPP controls the setup of several link options using LCP Link setup and control using LCP in PPP An Overview of PPP Synchronous or Asynchronous Physical Media Link Control Protocol Authentication, other options Network Control Protocol PPP Data Link Layer Physical Layer Network Layer IPCP IPXCP Many Others IP IPX Layer 3 Protocols Layering PPP Elements PPP—A data link with network-layer services Feature How It Operates Protocol Authentication PAP CHAP Perform Challenge Handshake Require a password Compression Compress data at source; reproduce data at destination Stacker or Predictor Error Detection Avoid frame looping Monitor data dropped on link Multilink Load balancing across multiple links Multilink Protocol (MP) PPP LCP Configuration Options Quality Magic Number PPP Authentication Overview Two PPP authentication protocols: PAP and CHAP PPP Session Establishment1 Link Establishment Phase 2 Optional Authentication Phase3 Network-Layer Protocol Phase Dialup or Circuit-Switched Network Passwords sent in clear text Peer in control of attempts Selecting a PPP Authentication Protocol Remote Router (SantaCruz) Central-Site Router (HQ) Hostname: santacruz Password: boardwalk username santacruz password boardwalk PAP 2-Way Handshake “santacruz, boardwalk” Accept/Reject Selecting a PPP Authentication Protocol (cont.) Remote Router (SantaCruz) Central-Site Router (HQ) Hostname: santacruz Password: boardwalk username santacruz password boardwalk CHAP 3-Way Handshake Challenge Response Accept/Reject Use “secret” known only to authentic