精选第三章信息检索系统.pptVIP

? 主文档 (master file) ? 书目数据库中描述每篇文献的完整记录通常 以线性排列方式存放在磁带或磁盘上。检索 时，只能按其物理顺序读取这些记录及其中 的字段。由于它存储有关于每篇文献的最完 整信息，所以通常又把它称为主文档 (master file) 。 （ 2 ）文档的类型 ? 倒排文档 ? 所谓倒排档，就是把记录中一切可检字 段或属性值 ( 如著者名、主题词等 ) 抽出， 按某种顺序重新加以组织后所得到的一 种文档。既可以按不同类型的字段组成 不同的倒排档 ( 如著者倒排档、主题词倒 排档等 ) ，也可以把所有不同的字段组成 一个混合倒排档。 （ 2 ）文档的类型 ? Documents are parsed to extract words (or stems) and these are saved with the Document ID. Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country It was a dark and stormy night in the country manor. The time was past midnight Term Doc # now 1 is 1 the 1 time 1 for 1 all 1 good 1 men 1 to 1 come 1 to 1 the 1 aid 1 of 1 their 1 country 1 it 2 was 2 a 2 dark 2 and 2 stormy 2 night 2 in 2 the 2 country 2 manor 2 the 2 time 2 was 2 past 2 midnight 2 ? After all document have been parsed the inverted file is sorted Term Doc # a 2 aid 1 all 1 and 2 come 1 country 1 country 2 dark 2 for 1 good 1 in 2 is 1 it 2 manor 2 men 1 midnight 2 night 2 now 1 of 1 past 2 stormy 2 the 1 the 1 the 2 the 2 their 1 time 1 time 2 to 1 to 1 was 2 was 2 Term Doc # now 1 is 1 the 1 time 1 for 1 all 1 good 1 men 1 to 1 come 1 to 1 the 1 aid 1 of 1 their 1 country 1 it 2 was 2 a 2 dark 2 and 2 stormy 2 night 2 in 2 the 2 country 2 manor 2 the 2 time 2 was 2 past 2 midnight 2 ? Multiple term entries for a single document are merged and frequency information added Term Doc # Freq a 2 1 aid 1 1 all 1 1 and 2 1 come 1 1 country 1 1 country 2 1 dark 2 1 for 1 1 good 1 1 in 2 1 is 1 1 it 2 1 manor 2 1 men 1 1 midnight 2 1 night 2 1 now 1 1 of 1 1 past 2 1 stormy 2 1 the 1 2 the 2 2 their 1 1 time 1 1 time 2 1 to 1 2 was 2 2 Term Doc # a 2 aid 1 all 1 and 2 come 1 country 1 country 2 dark 2 for 1 good 1 in 2 is 1 it 2 manor 2 men 1 midnight 2 night 2 now 1 of 1 past 2 stormy 2 the 1 the 1 the 2 the 2 their 1 time 1 time 2 to 1 to 1 was 2 was 2 ? The file is commonly split into a Dictionary and a Postings file Ter