middle class中产阶级相关.ppt

* Middle class The?middle class?is a class of people in the middle of a societal hierarchy. In?Weberian?socio-economic terms, the middle class is the broad group of people in contemporary society who fall socio-economically between the?working class?and?upper class. The common measures of what constitutes middle class vary significantly among cultures. The size of the middle class depends on how it is defined, whether by education,?wealth, environment of upbringing,?social network, manners or values, etc. These are all related, but are far from deterministically dependent. The following factors are often ascribed in modern usage to a middle class: Achievement of?tertiary education.高等教育 Holding professional qualifications职业资格 , including?academics,?lawyers,?chartered engineers,?politicians, and?doctors, regardless of leisure or wealth. Belief in?bourgeois 资产阶级的 ?values, such as high rates of?house ownership?and jobs which are perceived to be?secure. Lifestyle. In the United Kingdom, social status has historically been linked less directly to wealth than in the United States,?and has also been judged by signifiers such as?accent, manners, place of education, occupation, and the class of a persons family, circle of friends and acquaintances. Cultural identification. Often in the United States, the middle class are the most eager participants in?pop culture?whereas the reverse is true in Britain.?The second generation of new?immigrants?will often enthusiastically forsake their traditional?folk culture?as a sign of having arrived in the middle class. In the United States by the end of the twentieth century, more people identified themselves as middle class than as lower or “working” class (with insignificant numbers identifying themselves as upper class).?The British?Labour Party, which grew out of the organized labour movement and originally drew almost all of its support from the working class, reinvented itself under?Tony Blair?in the 1990s as “New Labour”新工党