如何防止擦尾.ppt

如何防止擦尾TAIL STRIKE PRESENTATION 题目 统计数字 Statistics 最常见的根本原因Most Common Root Causes A319/A320/A321几何限制A319/A320/A321 Geometry Limits 可能的改进Possible Improvement 建议及程序Recommendations And Procedures 结论Conclusion 擦尾录像Tail Strike Video 统计数字Statistics 统计数字Statistics 最常见的根本原因Most Common Root Causes 最常见的根本原因Most Common Root Causes 系统 Systems 使用俯仰指引不正确或抬头过猛Improper use or aggressive rotation into FD pitch bar 理解俯仰速率指令错误 Wrongly interpreted as pitch rate command 安定面配平设置不正确 Improper Stabilizer trim setting 机头上仰过大 Excessive nose up 减震支柱压缩不正确 Improper shock absorber servicing 载荷 Loading 重心太靠后 Excessive aft CG 抬轮计算错误 Vr computation error 起飞 Take off 抬头过早 Premature rotation 抬头率过大过快 Excessive / increased rotation rate 抬头过量 Over-rotation 抬头时横滚操纵较大 Rotation with large roll input 最常见的根本原因Most Common Root Causes 着陆 Landing 不稳定进近 Unstable approach 离地1000英尺还没有完全建立稳定进近Not fully established by 1000 ft/AGL 校准机动过迟或突然Late or abrupt alignment maneuvers 推力/俯仰变化较大Large Thrust / Pitch variations 拉平速度过大或不足Arrive in flare with excessive or insufficient speed 接地下沉率大且速度小High sink rate close to the ground and low speed 进近时遇有侧风/颠簸/风切变/下冲气流Cross-wind / Turbulence / Wind shear / Downburst on approach 飞机惯性Aircraft inertia 减震支柱压缩不正确Improper shock absorber servicing 最常见的根本原因Most Common Root Causes 着陆 Landing 拉平/着陆技术 Flare / Landing technique 拉平起始高度不正确Improper flare initiation height 接地下沉率大导致跳跃Excessive sink rate close to the ground leading to bounce 慢车过早或减推力过迟Too early Idle Thrust or too late Thrust reduction 不受控减小速度造成俯仰姿态较大Uncontrolled speed decay resulting in higher pitch attitude 拉平过早/过长导致速度大幅减小Early / Long flare leading to significant speed decay 拉平带杆过长或长时间平飘Prolonged hold off or long float during flare 不受控的大俯仰率接地Uncontrolled significant pitch rate at touch down 制止抬头控制不好Poorly controlled de-rotation 接地后举着前轮Nose gear kept high after touchdown 最常见的根本原因Most Common Root Causes 着陆 Landing 跳跃 Bounce 俯仰操纵Pitch control 带俯仰率接地Pitch rate not stopped after