现在完成时讲解及练习(附答案)-名师精讲.docx

现在完成时讲解及练习 案）-名师精讲 （附答 先看几个例句： I have cleaned my room. 我已打扫了房间。 He hasn' t finishechis homework.他还没完成作业。 Have you read this novel ? 你看过这本小说吗？ Yes , I have.是的，看过了。No, I have n '不.，没看过。 We have studied En glish for two years. 我们已经学了两年英语了。 They haven' t seeeach other since 1998. 自从1998年他们就没再见过面。 一、构成： 肯定式：主语 +助动词have/has +动词的过去分词. 疑问式：助动词Have/Has +主语+动词的过去分词？ 否定式：主语+助动词have/has + not +动词的过去 分词. 例: I have worked here for 3 years. 否定句： 疑问句： 回答： 就划线部分提冋： 过去分词的构成分为规则变化和不规则变化两种： 规则变化： 一般情况下，在动词后直接力卩 ed,如 play---played , work-worked , water-watered, finish---finished 等; 以辅音字母+ y ”吉尾的动词，把y变成i再加ed, carry-- -carried study-studied等； 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节的动词要双写最后 一个辅音字母，再加ed 如: stop-stopped，shop-shopped 等。 不规则变化：见一般时当中的 不规则动词表 点击一不规则动词表 写出下列动词的过去分词： put--- hear— come make--- hurry-- —watch— swim-__ be--- talk— want--- study- --stop--- take— see--- like--- 二、用法：1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响 或结果。 I have cleaned my room. 我已打扫了房间 (房间现在是干净的，不需要打扫了 ) They have left.--他们已经离开了，也就是说 现在他们人不在这里 I have had my lunch.--我已经吃过午饭了 也 就是说我现在不饿 2?表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状 态, I have learnt English for more than ten years.我已经学了 10多年的英语。 She has swum since half an hour ago.我已经 游泳了半个小时 3表示人曾有过或到目前为止从未有过的经历 . I have n ever had a car (我从未有过汽车。) I have bee n there twice. 动词填空： you (clea n) the room? Y es, we (do) that already. Whe n you (do) it? We (do) it an hour ago. he (see) this film yet? Yes. Whe n he (see) it? He it last week. How many times you (be) there? 二、标志词 ?常与① already, ② never, ③ ever, ④ just, ⑤ yet, ⑥ before, ⑦ up to now, ⑧ so far, ⑨for the last few weeks (11)since (12)for a long time/for 标志词的区别 for + 一段时间 Eg. I have bee n here for 5 weeks. He' s studied En glish for 3 years. since +(表示过去某一时间的)时间点/单词/词组/ 从句(一般过去时) Eg. I have bee n here since 2000. I have bee n here since 5 years ago. I have bee n here since I graduated in 2000. 注2）:对for或since引导的时间状语提问 必须用 how long, 决不能用 when. How long have you lived here? Eg. I have lived here for 10_years._ 注3）:短暂性动词不能和for或since引导的时间状 语连用，当然也不能用于how long引导的问句中 Eg.（误）1 have le