河流阶地轻质石油烃污染的探地雷达解译与识别.pdf

摘 要 轻质石油烃污染是环境有机污染的重要来源之一，应用探地雷达探测河流阶 地饱和带中的轻质石油烃污染物已经取得卓越的成效，但探测河流阶地非饱和带 中的轻质石油烃污染效果较差。本文首先通过室内砂箱实验模拟探地雷达探测清 洁土壤含水率，验证探地雷达探测土壤介电常数的可行性，然后室内实验模拟探 地雷达探测轻质石油烃污染土壤。分析污染区域的雷达剖面异常特征，研究不同 土壤介质、含水率、及水分电导率对于探地雷达探测效果的影响，并分析污染区 域的污染物浓度及介电常数数据，建立污染介电模型，并在污染场地验证模型。 结果显示，在清洁土壤区域，土壤介电常数与含水率之间满足关系式 3 2 ε ε ε -0.0013 - 0.0013 + 0.0394 -0.1103。在轻质石油烃污染的土壤区域，剖面 r r r 异常特征主要表现为反射相位提前，能量增大，振幅增强的抛物线形状异常特征 或者射相位延迟，能量产生衰减，雷达波信号的衰减的异常特征；当土壤水分电 导率比较高或者含水率较高地情况下，探地雷达探测轻质石油烃污染的效果比较 好，当土壤含水率低于4.76%时，探地雷达不能准确圈定污染范围；污染物浓度 与土壤介电常数之间介电模型为： Ǥ Ǥh ǤǤhh Ǥ Ǥ d；在污染场地中探地雷达能够有效的探测轻质石油烃污染 范围。 关键词：探地雷达；异常特征；轻质石油烃污染；介电模型；河流阶地。 I Abstract Light petroleum hydrocarbon pollution is one of the important sources of environmental organicpollution.GPR has achieved excellent results in detecting light petroleum hydrocarbon pollution in saturated zone,but poor results in detecting light petroleum hydrocarbon pollution in unsaturated zone. Inthis paper, the feasibility of detecting soil permittivity was verified by simulating ground penetrating radar (GPR) to detect clean soil moisture content through laboratory sandbox experiment, andthen the feasibility of GPR to detect soil permittivity was simulated by laboratory experiment. The abnormal characteristics of radar profile in the polluted area were analyzed, andthe effects of different soil media,water content andwater conductivity on the detection effect of GPR were studied. The pollutant concentration and dielectric constant data in thepolluted areawere analyzed, andthepollution dielectric model was established, and the model was verified in the actual light petroleum hydrocarbon pollut