倒装句用法小结.docx

倒装句的用法小结 英语的正常语序是主语在前谓语在后，但有时处于语法或达到某种修辞目的如强调、承上启下、平衡等需要，要把谓语动词放在主语的前面，这种语序称作倒装（Invered Order）。可分为完全倒装和部分倒装。完全倒装是指将整个的谓语动词提到主语之前。而部分倒装是指将部分的谓语动词即助动词、情态动词和be动词提到主语的前面，而谓语动词的其他部分任置于主语之后。 一、使用完全倒装的情况 1．There be / come / live / stand /exist / lie / go /等结构中。 如：Then there came a knock at the door. There stands a temple on the top of the mountain. There lies a lake near my village. 2．表示地点、方向、时间的副词如here / out / in / up / down / back / off / away / now / then谓语动词多用表示运动的不及物动词如go / come / leave / move / rust / jump等 如：There goes the bell. Look! Here come his parents. Now comes your turn. Then came the news that we won the game. Out rushed the students. 但 Out they rushed. 注意：（1）主语为人称代词时不倒装。 （2）注意主谓一致。（使用还原法将倒装句还原） （3）Here / there / now这三个副词引起的句子中谓语动词必须用一般现在时。 3．表地点的介词短语位于句首时 如：Along the road came a great many tourist. On the top of the mountain stands a temple. On the wall are two pictures. 4．为了保持句子平衡、衔接得当或强调表语，而把介词短语或形容词置于句首。 如：Present at the party were some stars who wanted to raise money for disaster zones. Gone are the days when the Chinese people used foreign oil. 5．在表祝愿的句子中。 如：Long live our friendship. 二、使用部分倒装的情况。 1．only + 状语置于句首时。 如：Only in this way can you learn English well. Only then did he realize his mistake. Only after they discussed the matter for hours did they reach a decision. 注意：（1）only + 主语时不倒装。 如： Only he knows the answer. （2）only + 状语从句时，主句倒装从句不倒装。 （3）在强调句型中不用倒装。 如：It was only after they discussed the matter for hours that they reached a decision. 2．具有否定意义的副词或短语置于句首作状语时。如never / seldom / little / few / not / nowhere / hardly / rarely / scarcely / not until / not since / hardly … when / no sooner … than / by no means / in no time / at no time / under no circumstances等。 如：Not a single word did he say at the meeting. Nowhere else in the world can you find a better man than Tom. Seldom have I heard from him recently. 注意：（1）Not until放在句首时要部分倒装（在复合句中主句倒装，而until引导的从句不倒装），放在强调句型中不用倒装。 如：Not until he came to Beijing did he