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Provide oxygen for body cells
Transport nutrients for body
Transportation of metabolic wastes;The four-chambered heart is a dynamic organ.
It works day and night to propel blood flowing
throughout of the body.
Just like other organs of the body, the heart
uses oxygen and nutrients derived from blood
when it pumps. Therefore, it needs a
continuous blood supply.
Blood flowing through coronary arteries
accounts for 4~5% of cardiac output. One
hundred grams of myocardial tissue uses
8-10 ml oxygen from blood every minutes.
The heart absorbs 70-75% of oxygen of
blood when it flows through the heart.
So, absorption rate of oxygen of the heart is
highest.
The brain has a high metabolic rate that reflects the energy
requirements of constant neural activity. It receives about
15% of the cardiac output and utilizes 25% of the total
oxygen consumption of the body. ;Although the heart is filled with
blood, however, this contained
blood provides little nourishment
to the heart walls, which are too
thick to obtain much nutrition by
diffusion alone. Instead, the heart
derives its rich blood supply from
two small vessels—the right and
left coronary arteries.
Myocardial cells are very sensitive to anoxia. Insufficient
blood supply to the heart would result in angina pectoris
even more serious consequence—cardiac infarction.
Millions of people die every year from coronary disease.
For medical students, knowledge about blood supply of
the heart and distribution of coronary artery branches,
therefore, are of the utmost clinical and practical
importance.;Origin of blood supplying the heart;A. Blood contained within the heart chambers;B. Arteries outside of the heart;The right and left coronary
arteries, the first branches
of the aorta, carry blood to
supply most of the
myocardium. And then, the
cadiac venous blood is
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