大学生社会支持与主观幸福感的关系：心理弹性的中介作用.pdf

摘要 为更好的了解大学生心理健康状况，本研究结合横断式研究和日记式追踪研 究对在校大学生的社会支持、心理弹性和主观幸福感现状进行了调查，并对这三 者之间的关系及主观幸福感随时间的变化趋势及进行了探讨以期能提出可行的 意见来改善大学生的心理健康。 其中研究一采用横断式研究，通过《社会支持评定量表》、《心理弹性量表》、 《生活满意度量表》、《快乐感量表》对322 名在校大学生进行了问卷测量研究。 并使用结构方程模型 （SEM）对社会支持、心理弹性和主观幸福感之间的关系进 行了检验，结果发现社会支持、心理弹性与主观幸福感存在显著正相关，而心理 弹性在社会支持与主观幸福感之间起着中介作用。研究二采用日记式追踪对31 名在校大学生进行了14 天的追踪研究，对研究一中获知的有关三个变量之间的 关系运用多层线性模型 （HLM）进行了验证，发现主观幸福感存在相当的稳定 性，并再次证实了心理弹性所起的中介作用。 两个研究的综合结果表明： 1.社会支持总分及各维度 （主观支持、客观支持和支持利用度）与主观幸福 感总分、生活满意度和正性情感存在显著正相关，与负性情感存在显著负相关。 2.心理弹性总分及各维度 （坚韧性、乐观性、力量性）与主观幸福感总分、 生活满意度和正性情感存在显著正相关，与负性情感存在显著负相关。 3.心理弹性三个因子在社会支持与主观幸福感之间均起着中介作用。 关键词：大学生，社会支持，心理弹性，主观幸福感 I Abstract In order to gain a better understanding about mental health of college students, the current situations of social support, resilience and subjective well-being were surveyed, using cross sectional study and diary method in combination. The relationships among these three variables and the changing tendency of subjective well-being over timewere also discussed in this study, so that practicable suggestions couldbeproposed. Two studies were included in a sample of 322 college students.There were four questionnaires used in study one to test target variables:Social SupportRating Scale, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, and the Happiness Scale. Structural equation model and regression analysis were used to examine the relationship among all three target variables, the results showed that social support and resilience were positive related to subjective well-being, resilience acted as a mediator between social support and subjective well-being. Study two used diary method to survey 31 college students for 14 days. Hierarchical Linear Model was conducted in thispart to confirm theresults got in study one, and the conclusions got in study one