2. 医学分子生物学immune organs and antigen.pdf

The structure and function of immune organs Immune organs Central immune organs： Thymus, Bone marrow Peripheral immune organs: Spleen, Lymph node, Tonsil, Peyer’s patch et al. • B cells develop in Bone marrow • T cells develop in Thymus; B cells develop in the bone marrow and migrate to peripheral lymphoid organs The structure of thymus Thymus is situated in the upper anterior thorax, above the heart. It consists of numerous lobules. Development of thymocytes T cells undergo development in the thymus and migrate to the peripheral lymphoid organs A lymph node Longitudinal section The spleen consists of red pulp (pink areas), which is a site of red blood cell destruction, interspersed with the lymphoid white pulp. Organization of the lymphoid tissues of the spleen Mucosal associated lymphoid tissue ’ A peyer s patch Microfold cell (M cell) A specialized epithelial cell, which has a folded luminal surface instead of the microvilli present on enterocytes. Circulating lymphocytes encounter antigen in peripheral lympnoid organs Immune response in lymph node Antigen Definition and properties of antigen • definition Antigen : Any substance that can stimulate antibody generation, can be recognized and responded to by the adaptive immune system (T cell and B cell) can be recognized by TCR or BCR； can induce the activation, proliferation and differentiation of T cells and B cells, and produce antibody and effecter T cells; can bind with immune response products specifically in vivo and in vitro. • properties * immunogenicity the characteristic to elicit an immune