材料导论 (23)材料导论.pdf

Module 4 (Metallic Materials) Video1 Nature of Metallic materials 金属的性质 Hello, every one. From this video, we are going to talk about metallic materials. 从这个视频开始，我们来学习金属材料. 译文： 大家好！从这个视频开始，我们来学习金属材料。 Metallic materials, or metallics, include metals and alloys. Today, let us start with nature of metals and its classification.今天从金属的性质与分类开始. 译文： 金属材料，包括金属与合金。今天，我们从金属的性质及其分类开始。 As we know, metallic materials abundantly exist in nature, and there are many kinds of metals in the world. 译文： 我们知道，金属材料在自然界中大量存在，世界上有很多种金属。 The nature of metals has fascinated humans for many centuries. At about the year 5500 BC, native gold and copper began to be utilized for tools and weapons. Around 3000 BC, bronze came to use, demonstrating that people have mastered the techniques of making alloys. Around 1500 BC, iron-making techniques were discovered. So after that, metals came into widespread application, because they provided people with tools of unsurpassed properties, both in warand in their preparation and processing. 译文： 很多世纪以来金属一直让人类着迷。大约公元前5500 年，人们开始利用自 然金和铜制作工具和武器。大约公元前3000 年，青铜开始被使用，表明人们已 经掌握了制备合金的技术。大约公元前 1500 年，人们发明了炼铁技术。从那以 后，金属得到广泛应用，在战争以及制备和加工中给人类提供了无比卓越的性 能。有缘学习更多驾卫星ygd3076 So, what is a metal? 什么是金属呢？ 译文： 那么，什么是金属呢？ Metals are composed of one ormore metallic elements (such as iron 铁, aluminum 铝, copper 铜, titanium 钛, gold 金and nickel 镍) and often also nonmetallic elements (such as carbon 碳, nitrogen 氮and oxygen 氧) in relatively small amounts. Around 91 of the 118 elements in the periodic table are metals; the others are nonmetals or metalloids. The two most commonly used structural metals, iron and aluminum, are the most abundant metals in the Earths crust. 译文： 金属由一种或者几种金属元素组成 （比如铁、铝、铜、钛、金和镍），经常 还含有相对少量的非金属元素 （比如碳、氮和氧）。在元素周期表中的118 种元 素中，约91 种为金属元素，其余的为非金属或类金属。两种最常见的