直接英语变间接英语讲解.docVIP

直接引语变间接引语详解 一、如何变人称: 学生在将直接引语变间接引语时。常常弄不清人称变化。下面 有一句顺口溜 “ 一随主。二随宾,第三人称不更新 ” 。 1“ 一随主 ” 是指在直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语是 第一人称或被第一人称所修饰, 从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人 称变化。 如:She said,"My brother wants to go with me. " →She said her brother wanted to go with her. 2 “ 二随宾 ” 是指直接引语变间接引语时,若从句中的主语及宾 语是第二人称或被第二人称所修饰。 从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句 的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称,如: He said to Kate,"How is your sister now?" →He asked Kate how her sister was then. 3 “ 第三人称不更新 ” 是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中 的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰, 从句中的人称一般不 需要变化。 如:Mr Smith said,"Jack is a good worker." →Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker. 二、如何变时态: 1.直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。 现在时它需改为过去时态;过去时态改为完成时;过去完成时 则保留原来的时态。如: 1She said, "I have lost a pen."→She said she had lost a pen. 2She said, "We hope so."→She said they hoped so. 3 She said, "He will go to see his friend。 "→She said he would go to see his friend.(1 一般现在时变为一般过去时 (2 现在进行时变为过去进行时 (3 一般将来时变为过去将来时 (4 现在完成时变为过去完成时 (5 一般过去时变为过去完成时 (6 过去完成时不变,仍为过去完成时 2. 但要注意在以下几种情况下。 在直接引语变为间接引语时, 时态一般不变化。 ①直接引语是客观真理。 "The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth” , the teacher told me. → The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth。 ②直接引语是过去进行时,时态不变。如: Jack said, "John, where were you going when I met you in the street?" →Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street. ③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语,变为间 接引语时,时态不变。如: Xiao Wang said, "I was born on April 2l, 1980." →Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980. ④直接引语如果是一般现在时,表示一种反复出现或习惯性的 动作,变间接引语,时态不变。如: He said, "I get up at six every morning." →He said he gets up at six every morning. ⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式(例:had better, used to和已经是过去时的形式时, (例:could, should, would, might 不再变。如: Peter said,"You had better come have today." →Peter said I had better go there that day. 三、如何变状语: 直接引语变间接引语,状语变化有其内在规津,时间状语由 “ 现 在 ” 改为 “ 原来 ” (例:now 变为 then, yesterday。 变为 the day before 地点状语,尤其表示方向性的,或用指示代词修饰的状语,由 “ 此 ” 改 为 “ 彼 ” (例:this 改为 that, 如: He said, "These books are mine." →He said those books were hi