汉译英增词和减词[文字可编辑].ppt

增译法和减译法 Amplification and Omission ? 教学目的要求： 在汉译英中能熟 练使用增词法和减词法的翻译技巧。 ? 教学重点： 增词法和减词法（代 词和连词） ? 教学难点： 汉语排比句的翻译， 使用减词法。 ? 一、为了保证语法结构的完整： ? 代词： 汉语中有许多没有主语的句子，英语 则一般需要主语。另外汉语中很多名词前都 没有代词，需要增补。 ? 1 ．大作收到，十分高兴。 ? I am very glad to have received your writing. ? 2 ．没有调查就没有发言权。 ? He who makes no investigation and study has no right to speak. ? 3 ．把这些故事看完以后，用你自己的话讲 一遍。 ? After you have read these stories, tell them in your own words. ? 4 ． 我们响应了祖国的号召。 ? We responded to the call of our motherland. ? 5 ．她用手蒙住脸，好象是为了保护眼睛。 ? She covered her face with her hands, as if to protect her eyes. ? 6. 孩子们天天带午饭到学校去吃。 ? The children take their lunch to school every day. ? 7 ． 我们的心永远向着祖国。 ? Our hearts are always towards our motherland . ? 连词： 汉语重意合，英语重形合，把汉语翻译 成英语时，要适当增加连词。 ? 1. 虚心使人进步，骄傲使人落后。 ? Modesty helps one to go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind. ? 2 ． 留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。 ? So long as green hills remain, there will never be a shortage of firewood. ? 3 ．村里的男女老少都喜欢那个小超市买 东西。 ? Men and women, old and young in the village, all liked shopping in that small supermarket. ? 4 ． 我妈妈来了，我得回去了。 ? My mother has arrived, so I have to leave now. ? 5 ．送君千里，终有一别。 ? Although you may escort a guest a thousand miles, yet must the parting come at last. ? 介词：英语中的介词比汉语中活跃得多。 ? 1 ．我们应该逐步消灭城乡差别。 ? We should try to eliminate the differences between town and country. ? 2 ． 你白天还是晚上飞广州？ ? Do you fly to Guangzhou in the daytime or at night? ? 3 ． 那我们山脚见吧。 ? Let's meet at the foot of the hill. ? 增补冠词 ? 汉语里无冠词。有冠词是英语的特点之一， 名词前一般都有冠词，汉译英时要增补冠 词。 她不把他当阿公，而当作亲爹。 She considered him not a father-in-law but a father. ? 我们对问题要作全面的分析，才能 解决得妥当。 We must make a comprehensive analysis of problem before it can be properly solved. ? 二、为了保证译文意思更加明确。 ? 文中暗含的意思： ? 1 ．大家都知道朝鲜战场是艰苦些。 ? Everyone knows that life on the Korean battlefield was rather hard. ? 2 ．要提倡顾全大局。 ? We should advocate the spirit of taking the whole situation into consideration. ? 添加注释性的词语： ? 1 ．班门弄斧 ? Show off one ' s proficiency with the axe before Luban, the