有机化学PPT课件教案-Chapter4Cycloalkanes环烷烃.pdf

Cycloalkanes 第四章 环烷烃 Organic Chemistry A (1) By Prof. Li Yan-Mei Tsinghua University Content Content Content 4.1 Classification, Isomerization and nomenclature 4.2 Structure of cycloalkanes 4.3 Physical properties & spectrum data 4.4 Chemical properties 4.5 Preparation (learn on your own) 4.1 Classification, Isomerization and nomenclature 4.1.1 Classification 4.1.2 Isomerism 4.1.3 Nomenclature 4.1.1 Classification By the size of the ring 按环的大小 Small rings C ~C Common rings C ~C 3 4 5 7 Medium rings C ~C Large rings C ~ 8 12 13 By the saturation 按不饱和度 C H Cycloalkanes 环烷 n 2n C H Cyclo olefines 环烯 n 2n-2 C H Cyclo alkynes 环炔 n 2n-4 By the number of the rings 按环的数目 Monocyclic compounds 单环 Polyring compounds 多环 桥头 螺原子 Spiro rings 螺环 Fused ring 稠环 Bridged ring 桥环 两环之间共用一个 两环之间共用一根共 两环之间共用两个 碳原子 价键（共用两个直接 不直接相连的碳原 相连的碳原子） 子 几环？ To define the number of the rings: The number of cutting you need to get a chain molecule out of a poly ring compound 将桥（稠）环烃变为链状化合物时需要断裂的碳链 数。如需断裂两次，则为二环化合物，断裂三次则 为三环化合物。 Some interesting bridging compounds Cubane Primane Diamentane 立方烷 篮 烷