八年级英语牛津bunit 语法.pptxVIP

现在完成时态Present perfect tense 吴 昊 冬Present perfect tense 现在完成时 构成:用法一：have/has + 过去分词表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果.现在完成时这一时态强调是过去动作与现在的联系,也就是强调现在的影响和结果.I lived there 2 years agopastpresentI have lived here for two years1.都表示过去发生的事2.现在完成时强调过去和现在的联系，不能和具体的时间状语连用；3.一般过去时强调过去发生的事或状态与表示过去的具体时间连用（last, ago, yesterday, etc. ）eg.1. He had his breakfast at 6:00 He has had his breakfast. 2. When did you come here? I watched the football match on TV at 9:00. 什么时候使用现在完成时？表示现在完成时的时间副词一、already和yet常见于现在完成时中，有“已经”之意。前者一般用在肯定句中，后者用在疑问句中。yet在否定句中有“还”之意。“Has the bus left yet”? “Yes. It has already left.” (“No. It hasn’t left yet.) “汽车开走了吗？” “是的，已经开走了。” “不，还没有开走。 ”二、“already” 用于现在完成时的肯定句中, “yet” 用于现在完成时的否定句和疑问句中. 用“already” “yet”填空。 He has ( ) visited many ?places in China. ? 注意 already 在句中的两种位置.? The train hasn‘t arrived （ ）. 火车（到现在）还没有到。 Has she arrived （ ）?? 她已经到了吗？Hasn‘t he come （ ）? 她还没来吗？alreadyyet yetyet 三、ever和never也是现在完成时常见的时间状语。前者意思是“曾经”，多见于疑问句或否定句中；后者意思是“从来没有”，表示全部否定。“Have you ever seen the film?” “No. I have never seen it.”“你曾经看过这部影片吗？” “没有， 从来没看过。”Nobody in our class has ever been there. 我们班没有人去过那。四、just, recently是完成时的时间状语，just now 有a moment ago 之意，是一般过去时的时间状语。The train has just arrived. 火车刚到。Did you see Joan just now? 你刚才看到琼了吗？Have you heard from your family lately/recently? 你最近收到家人的来信了吗？五、since短语或从句表示过去的动 作延续至今，since之后的时间为一点。 Mr. Smith has worked here since 1984. 1984年以来，史密斯先生一直在这工作。He’s learned about 5,000 English words since he went to college.他上大学以来大约学了五千个英语单词。六、for短语表示动作延续多长时 间，for的宾语为时间段。 We have known each other for twenty years. 我们认识有二十年了。 I haven’t seen her for a long time. 我好久没有见到她了。牛津版初中英语八年级下The dog has been dead for three days.She has been had (buy) the book for two week 这是为什么呢？ Grammar : 表示动作或状态从过去开始一直延续到现在甚至将来Mike borrowed the books two days ago.Mike has kept the books for two days. He has bought the book. He has bought the book for a week. He has had the book for a week.有些动词不能和for, since, how long 等连用She has bou