电子里程器毕业设计方案.doc

泰 山 学 院 本科毕业论文（设计） 电子里程器设计 **20XX080001 专 业 名 称 电子信息科学和技术 申请学士学位所属学科 理科 指导老师姓名、职称 ** 20XX年 05 月 摘 要 伴随居民生活水平不停提升，自行车不再仅仅是一般运输、代步工具，而是成为大家娱乐、休闲、锻炼首选。自行车速度里程表能够满足大家最基础需求，让大家能清楚地知道目前速度、里程等物理量。本论文关键叙述一个基于霍尔元件自行车速度里程表设计。以 AT89C52 单片机为关键，A44E 霍尔传感器测转数，实现对自行车里程/速度测量统计，采取 24C02 实现在系统掉电时候保留里程信息，并能将自行车里程数及速度用LED实时显示。文章具体介绍了自行车速度里程表硬件电路和软件设计。硬件部分利用霍尔元件将自行车每转一圈脉冲数传入单片机系统，然后单片机系统将信号经过处理送显示。软件部分用汇编语言进行编程，采取模块化设计思想。该系统硬件电路简单，子程序含有通用性，完全符合设计要求。 关键词：里程/速度；霍尔元件；单片机；LED显示 ABSTRACT With the developing of people’s life, the bicycle is not only the universal tool of transportation and substitute for walking, but becomes the first choice of entertainment and exercising. The bicycle mileage/speed can fulfill the basic need of people’s life, so that they can learn the speed and the mileage of the bicycle. In this paper, the bicycle mileage/speed design based on the Hall element is elaborated. By AT89C52 as kernel, using A44E Hall element to measure revolution, the measure and statistic are achieved. The range information is saved by 24C02 when the power is off, the bicycle speed can be displayed on LED. In this article, the hardware circuit and software design of bicycle mileage/speed instrument are introduced in detail. About the hardware, the pulse number is transmitted of one cycle of the bicycle into Single Chip Microcomputer system. Then the signal processed by Single Chip Microcomputer system is sent to display scream. About the software, in assemble language; the program is designed in the mode of modules. The system has simple hardware, common sub-program, and meets the demand of design. KEY WORDS: Mileage / speed; Hall element; Single chip microcomputer; LED 目 录 TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u 1 引 言 1 1.1 课题背景 1 1.2 课题关键任务及内容 1 2总体方案设计 2 2.1 任务分析和实现 2 2.2 硬件方案设计 2 2.3 软件方案设计 4 3 硬件电路设计 6 3.1 概述 6 3.2 传感器及其测量系统 6 3.2.1 霍尔传感器测量原理 7 3.2.2 集成开关型霍尔传感器 7 3.3 单片机原理及应用 8 3.3.1 单片机原理介绍 8 3.3.2 单片机引脚功效介绍 9 3.3.3