老西口大范围综合写作.pdf

五星级： 1 Passage: microcredit 不能解决贫困问题。 1)borrower 没有business skill，做生意很容易失败 2)小额贷款会increase 银行的administration cost，是inefficient 的。 3)如果政府把钱投入microcredit 里面，就不能投到其它方面了。 Lecture: 文章说得不对。 1)agencies 提供other services，比如教borrower 怎么记账，怎么利润最大化等等。 2)文章说的问题很好解决：银行可以把钱借给由4-5 个人组成的small groups，这样在相同的 cost 下帮助了贫困的人。 3) 由于提供小额贷款的都是agencies，政府其实在这方面save 了money，这样政府就能把钱 投到小型贷款不能融资的大型工程，比如建一栋楼什么的。 Microcredit is a form of financial service which provides small loans to help the poor start their business. The reading passage points to three inherent problems with microcredit. The lecture, however, addresses each of these questions. The first problem is that receivers of microcredit usually do not possess the knowledge and skills necessary to run a business, so their business is likely to fail. However, according to the lecture, microcredit service is more than just providing loans. Borrowers are also taught many useful skills such as how to budget the balance and how to lower their cost. These, together with the credit they are given, will help receivers successfully run their business. The second problem is that microcredit will increase the administrative cost of the bank, and therefore it is an inefficient practice. The lecture argues that this is not necessarily the case, since the bank often lends microcredit to a small group of 4 to 5 people at a time, rather than just to one individual, so the administrative cost involved is significantly reduced , which means more loans can be provided to a larger number of people. Finally, another problem with microcredit is that it takes away the valuable funds which the government could have invested in more important areas like education and infrastructure. The lecture, however, contends otherwise. It explains that microcredit is often financed by non-government institutions. So it does not decrease government fund. On the contrary, with small businesses being financed by microcred