(完整版)被动语态讲解及练习(附答案).docVIP

被动语态讲解 一、被动语态的构成形式 被动语态的基本时态变化 被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式 , 被动语态由 be＋过去分词构成， be 随时态的变化而变化。以 do 为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为： 1) am/is/are +done (过去分词 ) 一般现在时 Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 2） has /have been done现在完成时 All the preparations for the task have been completed, and were ready to start. 3） am/is /are being done 现在进行时 A new cinema is being built here． 4） was/were done 一般过去时 I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 5） had been done 过去完成时 By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing. 6） was/were being done 过去进行时 A meeting was being held when I was there. 7） shall/will be done 一般将来时 Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes. 8） should/would be done 过去将来时 The news would be sent to the soldiers mother as soon as it arrived. 9） shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用） The project will have been completed before July. 被动语态的特殊结构形式 1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋ be＋过去分词。 The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语， 另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。 通常变为主语的是间接宾 语。 例 His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday. 当“动词 +宾语 +宾语补足语 ”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构 中的主语，其余不动。 Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为 The boy was caught smoking a cigarette. 4）在使役动词 have, make, get以及感官动词 see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式 to 要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加 to。 Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为 A stranger was seen to walk into the building. 非谓语动词的被动语态 v.+ing 形式及不定式 to do 也有被动语态 (一般时态和完成时态 ) 。 I dont like being laughed at in the public. 二、 It is said that+ 从句及其他类似句型 1 It is said that 据 ?, It is reported that 据 道?， It is believed that ?大家相信， It is hoped that 大家?希望， It is well known that 众所周?知， It is thought that 大家 ? ， It is suggested that 据建 ?。 It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. （＝ The boy is said to have passed the national exam. ） 三、 的主 形式表示被 意 1.英 中有很多 如 break， drive， lock，ope