牛奶杂质浓度测试仪的硬件设计—毕业设计(论文).doc

南京工程学院 自动化学院 本科毕业设计 题目： 牛奶杂质浓度测试仪硬件设计 专 业： 测控技术与仪器 班 级： 学 号： 学生姓名： 指导教师： 起迄日期： 设计地点： 摘 要 牛奶杂质浓度测试仪是通过测试牛奶的冰点温度，和标准冰点温度进行比较，从而判断牛奶杂质浓度是否超标，它并不能测出牛奶中具体含有什么杂质。 本仪器采用LC切割型石英晶体温度变送器，把温度信号转化为频率信号，在温度变送器和计数器之间加入1个电子闸门，利用单片机内部的定时器产生宽度为1s的门控信号。采样数据计数经8位计数器256分频后送至AT89C52单片机，为减少硬件用量，结合单片机内部的16位计数器和外部8位计数器组成24位计数器。温度误差的补偿用一个8位拨码开关来实现，两片74LS244三态门作为测试采样输入和温度补偿输入的选择端。仪器设定了3个独立式功能键“START”、“STOP”和“RST”分别进行开始采样、停止采样和复位操作，由单片机P1.3、P1.4和P1.5口控制。数据显示部分段选部分的信号由74LS164串行输入并行输出，5位共阴极数码管动态显示，LED数码管的位选由单片机的P2口控制。牛奶冰点温度达到时，数码管显示冰点温度，通过一个由单片机直接控制的蜂鸣器鸣叫来进行提示。 关键词：温度变送器、计数器、单片机、三态门、数码管 ABSTRACT Impurity concentration of milk tester milk is tested Freezing temperatures and freezing temperature standards, thus judged whether the impurity concentration of milk utilization, it does not detect milk containing what specific impurities. The equipment used LC-cutting quartz crystal temperature transmitter, temperature signal into a frequency signal. the temperature between the transmitter and counter to an electronic gate. SCM internal timers have a width of the door's control signals. Sample data on eight counts counter after 256 minutes Frequency sent to the AT89C52, in order to minimize the amount of hardware. MCU with internal 16-bit counter and counter external component 8 24 counters. Temperature error compensation using a dial-8 Switch to achieve, 2 74 LS244 doors as a three-state input sampling tests and temperature compensation-input selection. Equipment set three separate function keys "START" "STOP" and "RST" were started sampling, sampling and reset stop operation, exhaust from the microcontroller, P1.4 and P1.5 export control. Some of the data showed that the election of the signal from 74 LS164 serial input parallel output A total of five digital cathode tube dynamic display, LED digital control by the EC MCU P2 export control. Freezing temperatures reach milk, Digital Display freezing temperature, through a direct c