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Passage 1.
It
is
well
known that
teenage
boys tend
to
do better
1)______ math than girls,
that
male high school students are more likely than their female counterparts 2)______
advanced math courses like calculus, that virtually all the great mathematicians
3)______ men. Are womenborn with 4)______ mathematical
ability
Or does society ’s
sexism slow their
progress
In
1980, two Johns Hopkins University
researchers
tried
5)______ the eternal nature/nurture debate. Julian Stanley and Camilla Benbow
6)______ 10,000 talented seventh and eighth graders between 1972 and 1979. Using
the
Scholastic
Aptitude
Test,
in
which math questions are meant to measure ability
rather than knowledge, they discovered 7)______ sex differences. 8)______ the
verbal abilities of the males and females 9)______ differed, twice as many boys
as girls scored over 500 (on a scale of 200 to 800) on mathematical ability; at
the
700 level,
the
ratio
was 14 to 1. The conclusion:
males have 10)______ superior
mathematical reasoning ability.
Benbow and Stanley ’s findings, 11)______ were published in "Science",
disturbed some
men and 12)______ women. Now there is comfort for those people in a new study from
the University of Chicago that suggests math 13)______ not, after all, a natural
male domain. Prof. Zalman Usiskin studied 1,366 tenth graders. They were selected
from geometry classes
and tested
on their
ability
to solve
geometry proofs,
a subject
requiring
14)______
abstract
reasoning
and
spatial
ability.
The
conclusion
15)______ by Usiskin: there are no sex differences in math ability.
1.
A. at
B. to
C. of
D. about
2.
A. in tackling
B. tackling
C. to tackle
D. about tackling
3.
A. might be
B. have been
C. must be D. had been
4.
A. smaller
B. less
C. fewer
D. not more
5.
A. to settle
B. to set
C. settling
D. setting
6.
A. were tested
B. have tested
C. were testing
D. had tested
7.
A. distinct
B. instinct
C. remote
D. vague
8.
A. Since
B. However
C. As
D. While
9.
A. scarcely not
B. virtually
C.
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