雅思语法1句子成分与句子结构上课讲义.ppt

雅思语法1句子成分与句子结构;It is important to keep calm and carry on while working under pressure.(主语后置) It is certainly true that scientists are gaining a clearer understanding of the outer space thanks to many years of research and better data.(主语后置)[主语后置，把that从句放到了句子后半部分，可以避免句子头重脚轻] 满分范文: “It is quite common these days for young people in many countries to have a break from studying after graduating from high school.”[主语后置，避免了头重脚轻] 剑7范文: “It is true that sometimes the amount of money they are able to earn in a short time cannot be justified by the amount of work they do.” ;2.2 谓语 谓语说明主语的动作、状态或特征。谓语永远只能由动词构成。 请阅读下面的句子，特别注意谓语由何种成分组成。 Today many local and national newspapers carry advertisements and information about holidays. Spending time with other children and sharing experiences can make children more sociable(喜欢社交的). ;2.3 宾语 宾语表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词之后。能作宾语的有名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式、that从句、what从句、how从句等。 有一种特殊的宾语，就是当动词是be ( am, is, are )动词时，be动词后面的名词或者形容词也可以叫做表语。 请阅读下面的句子，特别注意宾语(或表语)由何种成分组成。 Some adults use a computer for other purposes，such as getting information or emailing friends. A good writer does not just concentrate on the words，phrases and grammar that he/she uses，but his/her thoughts as well.;The world inside the school walls is different from the world outside those walls.(本句中的different为表语) The main concern is the type of computer activities that attract children.(本句中的the type of activities也是表语);2.4 定语 修饰名词的成分叫定语。最常用的定语就是形容词，还有一种用句子修饰名词的定语，就是定语从句了。 请阅读下面的句子，特别注意定语由何种成分组成。 Employees need to feel that they are doing valued and valuable work. In addition, the government should fund the parental(家长的)support. They are more important to our well一being and our future than the stars who earn their fortunes so quickly.(定语从句) ;2.5 状语 状语可修饰动词、形容词或者全句，可以由副词、介词短语、分词短语或者动词不定式构成。 请阅读下面的句子，特别注意状语由何种成分组成。 The majority of stars do not hold their top positions long.(剑7例句) They are generally more confident than children who stay at home with their parents. ;