初中-英语-中考-一轮复习-4.13 第十一章 第一课时.pptx

中考说明与指导;默写; 名 词;名词{ 专有名词（如：Tom，China， Monday);;名词单数的表达 一般可用a，an，one来修饰 注：a用于辅音音素开头的单词前,an用于元音音素开头的单词前 *a book * an English book * an hour ;flower;可数名词的复数形式 1.规则变化 (1) 一般在词尾加“s”/s/or/z/ * dog – dogs * book – books * cap – caps * tree – trees (2) 以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词“es”/iz/ *box – boxes *watch – watches *bus– buses *brush – brushes 注：stomach/k/ – stomachs ;(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加“es” /iz/ * country – countries * baby – babies * factory – factories * party – parties 请区别：如果是元音字母加y 结尾的名词则只须加“s” * boy – boys holiday-holidays * day-days monkey – monkeys; (4) 以f、fe 结尾的名词,变f、fe 为v再加“es” /vz/ * half – halves * self-selves * knife – knives * leaf – leaves thief-thieves, life-lives, wife-wives,wolf-wolves, scarf-scarves(围巾) ; (5) 以o结尾的名词,一般情况加s,读作/z/.potato，tomato，hero等除外 * piano – pianos * zoo – zoos * radio-radios * bamboo – bamboos ;巧学妙记;woman--women;（2）复合名词：由man和woman构成的复合名词, 前后都要变复数；其他只变后面词例如：a man doctor--men doctors, a woman teacher--women teachers 【注】：a dinner table--dinner tables a sports shop-sports shops a clothes shop-clothes shops ; ;(4)有些名词表示一种物体具有不可分割的相同的两部分,在使用时只有复数形式 shoes, gloves, socks, trousers, shorts, pants, glasses, scissors, clothes 这些名词作主语时，注意它们的谓语用复数 * My clothes are newer than yours. ;（5）有些集体名词形式上是单数，而意义上是复数，谓语动词也用复数。 people（人们）, police（警察）是复数， 单数分别用person和policeman、policewoman表示 如：There are many people there. 另外：family（家庭、家庭成员）, group（组、组成员）, class（班，班里的学生），team（队，队员）等在表示总体时为单数，在表示???员时为复数。 ; ;1.Several _____ are talking? under the tree．And they are talking about______. A．woman; children B．woman; child C．women; children 2. There are three in my family. A. people B. person C. child 3. Some ______ came to our school for a visit that day.  A. Ge