mba阅读理解测试题型及解题技巧.docxVIP

【经典资料，WORD文档，可编辑修改】 【经典考试资料，答案附后，看后必过，WORD文档，可修改】 [例21] 2015年全国MBA入学联考英语试题阅读部分第二篇文章 讲义050813 Suppose you go into a fruiterer s shop, wanting an apple -ou take up one, and on biting it you find it is sour; you look at it, and see that it is hard and green. You take up another one, and that, too, is hard, green, and sour. The shopman offers you a third; but, before biting it, you examine it, and find that it is hard and green, and you immediately say that you will not have it, as it must be sour, like those that you have already tried. Nothing can be more simple than that, you think; but if you will take the trouble to analyze and trace out into its logical elements that has been done by the mind, you will be greatly surprised. In the first place you have performed the operation of induction. You find that, in two experiences, hardness and greenness in apples went together with sourness. It was so in the first case, and it was confirmed by the second. True, it is a very small basis, but still it is enough from which to make an induction; you generalized the facts, and you expect to find sourness in apples where you get hardness and greenness. You found upon that a general law, that all hard and green apples are sour; and that, so far as it goes, is a perfect induction. Well, having got your natural law in this way, when you are offered another apple which you find it hard and green, you say, “All hard and green apples are sour; this apple is hard and green; therefore, this apple is sour. ” That train of reasoning is what logicians call a syllogism （三段论法）, and has all its various parts and terms — its major premises, its minor premises, and conclusion. And, by the help of further reasoning, which, if drawn out, would have to be exhibited in two or three other syllogisms, you arrive at your final determi natio n. “ I will not have that apple. ” So that, you see, you have, in the first place, established a law by in ducti on, and upon that you have foun ded a deducti on