氢能及其制备技术.docx

氢能及其制备技术 氢能及其制备技术 祝星 12 魏永刚 12 王华 12 李孔斋 12 1 昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院昆明 650093 5 10 2 冶金节能减排教育部工程研究中心昆明 650093 摘要氢能作为未来的清洁能源与理想能源载体能够避免传统化石能源利用 过程中带来的 环境污染并减少二氧化碳的排放其制备技术对于推动氢能经济的发展具有 重要意义全面 介绍了氢能及其制备技术阐释了包括天然气蒸汽重整制氢部分氧化煤气化 分解水 生物质制氢与生物学制氢等化石燃料与可再生资源制氢技术原理与能量转 换途径比较了不 同制氢技术特点并对各制氢技术发展前景作了展望传统天然气蒸汽重整油 重整与煤气 化仍是目前的主要制氢途径但在未来像水制氢与生物制氢这类利用可再生 资源为原料及 能量来源的制氢方式将得到极大的发展 关键词氢能制备化石燃料可再生资源 中图分类号 TK91 15 Hydrogen Energy and Hydrogen Production Technologies ZHU Xing12 WEI Yonggang12 WANG Hua12 LI Kongzhai12 1 Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology KunMing 650093 20 25 30 35 40 2 Engineering Research Center of Metallurgical Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction Ministry of Education KunMing 650093 Abstract Hydrogen is considered as a clean energy source and perfect energy carrier which will play an important role in hydrogen economy in the near futher Utilization of hydrogen energy can avoid entironment pollution and reduce emission of carbon dioxide Hydrogen production technologies was introduced according to the two kinds divided by fossil fuels and renewable energy sources The principles of hydrogen technologies including steam refoming of natural gas partial oxdiation of hydrocarbons  gasification  of  coal  water splitting and hydrogen production from biomass were elucidated and the energy conversion during those hydrogen production processes were also indicated The characteristics of the different hydrogen technologies were compared to find a sustainable way for the next decades Based on the understanding of the hydrogen technology status the development prospects was reviewed Currently steam refoming of natural gas oil reforming and gasification of coal are the main hydrogen production sources But in the futher hydrogen production from renewable sources such as water and biomass will be greatly developed Keywords hydrogen production fossil fuel renewable energy sources 引言 能源是人类赖以生存与发展的重要物质基础同时也是当今国际政治经济与 军事关注 的焦