linux环境高级编程3-unix进程环境、进程控制和进程关系.ppt

第三讲：UNIX进程环境、进程控制和进程关系;Contents;Process status;Linux的进程组织;;Linux的进程结构;Linux的进程结构;Linux的进程结构;Process start;Command-line arguments;Process termination;exit and _exit Function;atexit Function;Example: (showtime.c);How a C program is started and terminates;Memory layout of a Program;Typical memory arrangement;Memory allocation;Environment variables;Environment variables (Cont.);Resource limits ;Resource limits (Cont.);Resource limits (Cont.);Resource limitation;Getrlimit.c;getrusage Function;Process identifiers;Process identifiers (cont.);;fork Function;struct task_struct unsigned long state; int prio; struct task_struct *parent; struct list_head task; pid_t pid; ……;copy_process();Difference between parent and child after fork;int glob = 6; /* external variable in initialized data */ char buf[ ] = a write to stdout\n; int main(void) { int var; /* automatic variable on the stack */ pid_t pid; var = 88; if (write(STDOUT_FILENO, buf, sizeof(buf)-1) != sizeof(buf)-1) err_sys(write error); printf(before fork\n); /* we dont flush stdout */ if ( (pid = fork()) 0) err_sys(fork error); else if (pid == 0) { /* child */ glob++; /* modify variables */ var++; } else sleep(2); /* parent */ printf(pid = %d, glob = %d, var = %d\n, getpid(), glob, var); exit(0); };打印两次，因为，标准I/O库对普通输出是全缓存的。;badPID.c;File sharing;Sharing of open files after fork;Two uses for fork;processchain.c;processfan.c;exit Function;exit Function (Cont.);do_exit();wait and waitpid Function;删除进程描述符;fanwait.c;parentwait.c;chainwaitmsg.c;wait and waitpid Function (Cont.);wait and waitpid Function (Cont.);Showreturn.c;showreturnmain.c;wait and waitpid Function (Cont.);wait and waitpid Function (Cont.);wait and waitpid Function (Cont.);wait3