牛津译林版八年级下册8BUnit1Unit4期中复习梳理.docx

牛津译林版八年级下册 8BUnit1- Unit4 期中复习梳理 一、语法和句型 【知识梳理】 1．It moved up over my stomach and neck until it was standing near my face. (P50) 它爬上我的肚子和脖子，直到（它）来到我的脸上。 until conj. 直到 【拓展】 until 用于肯定句中，表示主句的动作一直持续到从句动作发生或状态出现时为止。一般可译为 “_______________”。在这种用法中，主句的谓语动词必须是持续动词（非 瞬间动词），如 live, wait, last, love, like, stay, work, continue 等。 e.g.: I will wait until you come back. until 用于否定句中，表示主句的动作在从句的动作发生之前尚未发生，或者说主句 的动作在从句的动作发生之后才开始。一般可译为“_______________”。 e.g.: I didn't leave until the rain stopped. 直到雨停了我才离开。 ③ until 后面的从句中不能用一般将来时，应该用一般现在时代替，即 “ _______________。” e.g.: He will stay here until his mother comes back. 2．疑问词加动词不定式 句法功能： ①“ wh-词＋不定式 ”主要用作宾语或者宾语补足语，跟在动词 decide, forget, advise, discuss, remember, understand, think, teach等之后。 e.g.: We must think what to do. I can't decide whom to invite. Daniel taught himself how to use a computer to draw. ② 除用作宾语外，还可用作主语、表语等。 e.g.: When to leave has not been decided何.时离开还没有决定。 The question is how to find him. 问题是如何找到他。 【易错点拨】 注意点： ① 若动词不定式的动词为不及物动词，需要加上后面的介词。 e.g. Daniel did not say who to talk to about this book. I don ’ t know who to turn to for help when I have problems. ② 原则上说， why 后不接不定式： 误： Kitty explained why to be late for school. 正： Kitty explained why she was late for school. 不过若不定式不带 to，则可用 why。 e.g.: Why not go there at once? Why argue with her? 但这类结构通常只用于谈论现在和将来，不用于谈论过去。 误： Why not clean the room yesterday? 正： Why didn't you clean the room yesterday? 【易错点拨】 how 用于该结构的注意点： 有些动词后接 “how＋不定式 ”作宾语时， how 可以省略： e.g.: Did you learn (how) to drive a car? 你学过开车吗？ 但是，有些动词后面接 “疑问词 how＋不定式 ”作宾语时，尽管其中的 how 在汉语中无需译出，但不能将 how 省略。 e.g.: He knows how to play the piano. He showed her how to swim. 疑“问词十不定式 ”结构可以和复合句转换。 e.g.: He asked where he would go shopping after supper. ＝He asked where to go shopping after supper. 【典例讲解】 例 1: 同义句转换 The teacher asked us how we could help him. The teacher asked us_______ _______ _______ him. 例 2: He didn't know where_______ his brother. A. find B. to find C. to finding D. finding 例 3: --Excuse me. Could