oie-1.01.01.-.collection,submission and storage of diagnostic specimens 样品的收集、运输和储存(2013).docxVIP

Laboratory investigation of animal disease is critically dependent on the quality and appropriateness of the specimens collected for analysis. This chapter sets out the general standards involved in specimen collection, submission, and storage. The individual disease chapters in this Terrestrial Manual provide specific information on appropriate specimens needed in order to test for particular pathogens or toxins. Sampling may be from individual animals, from animal populations, or from the environment for a variety of purposes, such as disease diagnosis, disease surveillance, health certification, and monitoring of treatment and/or vaccination responses. To provide scientifically and statistically valid results the specimens collected must be appropriate for the intended purpose, and adequate in quality, volume, and number for the proposed testing. Additionally, the animals and tissues sampled must be appropriately representative of the condition being investigated. Specimens must be collected using appropriate biosafety and containment measures in order to prevent contamination of the environment, animal handlers, and individuals doing the sampling as well as to prevent cross-contamination of the specimens themselves. Care should additionally be taken to avoid undue stress or injury to the animal and physical danger to those handling the animal. Biological materials should be packaged to rigorously control for leakage, and then labelled with strict adherence to the applicable regulations guiding their transport as outlined in Chapter 1.1.2. Careful consideration must be given to the collection, containment, and storage of the specimens, including biosafety measures that must be in place to prevent contamination of the environment or exposure of other animals and humans to potentially infectious materials (see Chapter 1.1.3 Standard for Managing Biorisk in Veterinary Laboratories). For information on transport of specimens see Chapter 1.1.2 Transport of Specimens