systematicdesignofspacetimetrelliscodesforwireless无线网格空时码系统的的设计.ppt

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systematicdesignofspacetimetrelliscodesforwireless无线网格空时码系统的的设计.ppt

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Partition losses between floors ECE6331 Spring 2009 EE 6331, Spring, 2009 Advanced Telecommunication Zhu Han Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Class 6 Feb. 5 th , 2009 Outline ? Review – Channel capacity revisit – Free Space Propagation Model – Reflection – Diffraction – Scattering ? Stochastic large scale models: – Log-distance path loss model – log-normal shadowing ? ? ? Outdoor propagation models Indoor propagation models Homework due next Tuesday ECE6331 Spring 2009 Large-scale small-scale propagation ECE6331 Spring 2009 Free space propagation model ? Assumes far-field (Fraunhofer region) – d >> D and d >> ? , where D is the largest linear dimension of antenna ? is the carrier wavelength ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? No interference, no obstructions Black board 4.1 Effective isotropic radiated power Effective radiated power Path loss Fraunhofer region/far field In log scale Example 4.1 and 4.2 ECE6331 Spring 2009 Radio Propagation Mechanisms ? Refraction – Conductors & Dielectric materials (refraction) – Propagation wave impinges on an object which is large as compared to wavelength - e.g., the surface of the Earth, buildings, walls, etc. ? Diffraction – Fresnel zones – Radio path between transmitter and receiver obstructed by surface with sharp irregular edges – Waves bend around the obstacle, even when LOS (line of sight) does not exist Scattering – Objects smaller than the wavelength of the propagation wave - e.g. foliage, street signs, lamp posts ? – “Clutter” is small relative to wavelength ECE6331 Spring 2009 Classical 2-ray ground bounce model ? One line of sight and one ground bound ECE6331 Spring 2009 Propagation Models ? Large scale models predict behavior averaged over distances >> ? – Function of distance & significant environmental features, roughly frequency independent – Breaks down as distance decreases – Useful for modeling the range of a radio system and rough capacity planning, – Experimental rather than the theoretical for pr