电大汽车实用英语形成性考核册答案.docx

电大汽车实用英语形成性考核册答案 电大汽车实用英语形成性考核册答案    范本1《汽车实用英语》形成性考核册答案汽车实用英语第一次平时作业翻译四冲程发动机：Internal Combustion EngineThe engine is a self-contained power unit which converts the heat energy of fuel into mechanical energy for moving the vehicle. Because fuel is burned within the engine, it is known as an internal combustion engine. In the internal combustion engine, air/fuel mixture is introduced into a closed cylinder where it is compressed and then ignited. The burning of the fuel causes a rapid rise in cylinder pressure which is converted to useful mechanical energy by the piston and crankshaft. The most common engine is the four-stroke piston engine. These four strokes are intake stroke, compression stroke, power stroke and exhaust stroke.Intake StrokeThe intake stroke of a four-stroke engine begins with the piston at top dead center (TDC). The starter causes the crankshaft to rotate in a clockwise direction. The crankshaft, through the connecting rod, forces the piston to move downward. This downward movement of the piston creates a vacuum, a difference in pressure, in the space above the piston. The engine manufacturer times the intake valve action so that it opens automatically at or slightly before the piston starts down. Therefore, a mixture of gasoline and air, pushed by the atmospheric pressure outside the engine, rushes through the intake manifold and into the engine cylinder. At the same time, the exhaust valve remains closed during this downward stroke of the piston. This valve closure prevents the entering air/fuel charge from escaping through the exhaust port. After the piston reaches the bottom of its first stoke, the cylinder is practically full of an air/fuel charge. The drawing of an air/fuel charge into the cylinder in this manner, during the downward movement of the piston, constitutes the intake stroke of the