初三英语语法专题复习延续性非延续性动词.pptVIP

* 延续性动词与非延续性动词 * 非延续性动词也叫短暂性动词是指动作一旦发生就立即结束。它不能和一段时间连用。这类动词有：go, come, arrive, leave, begin, start, join, marry ，reach, see, hear, lose, fall, die, get up 等；短暂性动词的肯定式不能与表示一段时间的for或since或how long等状语连用。 Eg. I have received his letter for three days. * 延续性动词是指动作发生后还可以延续一段时间或者相当长的一段时间。如：live, work, study, learn, sleep等，延续性动词可以和表示一段的时间状语连用。 值得注意的是，表示一段时间的状语除了“for+一段时间”外，还有since+过去时的句子，since+时间段+ago，疑问词how long，in the past+时间段，all these+时间段，from…to（时间点）以及till/until+n./句子等等。例如： How long _______ your brother joined the army? A. has?? B. had?? C. is it since?? D. was there that * 非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换 在完成时态中，非延续性动词在肯定和疑问句中不能与for或since连用，要通过转换。下列是初中英语中常见的非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换： 1. reach arrive in / at be in / at come to 2. come out 3. come —be here go be out * 4.leave —be away / from 5.join —be a member of / be in the die —be dead 7.catch a cold —have a cold 8. begin start be on 9. marry --be married 10. buy —have 11. borrow —keep 12. become —be 13. fall asleep —be asleep * 14. fall ill be ill sick sick 15. open —be open 16. lose —be lost 17. get to know begin to know 18. go to sleep get to sleep 19. get up —be up 20. close —be closed 21. finish / end —be over 22. move —be out of know sleep 23. break —be broken 24. put on —wear 25. go —be away 26. wake —be awake * 几点注意事项: （1）have been (to)与have gone( to)的区别： have been (to)表示“去过某地（现在已经回来了）”，可用于各人称； have gone (to)表示“去某地了（说话时某人不在当地）” 。常用第三人称作主语。，前者可与once ,never, several times等连用，后者则不能。 如：They have been to Beijing twice.?? ???????? He has gone to Beijing .?????????? （2）如单纯表示一段时间，或强调一段时间，虽有since一词，也不必用完成时。 如：It is two years since his father died. =His father has been dead for two years.???? （3）终止性动词现在完成时的否定式，已变成一种可以延续的状态，因此可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。 ???? 如：I havent left here since 1997. * 链接中考 1.When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus _______ for 20 minutes. A. has left B. had left C. has been away D. had been away 2.I _____t