美国文学史及选读上册.pptxVIP

The Literature of Colonial America;Historical Introduction;The first American writer;Early New England Literature;Puritan Thoughts;3. practical , optimistic， idealistic 4. a doctrinaire opportunist(教条主义的机会主义者) 5. American Puritans came under violent attacks for their killjoy way of life, religious intolerance（宗教偏狭） , bigotry（偏执）and austerity（苦修、禁欲）. 6. American Puritanism and Chinese Confucianism 7. Jonathan Edwards , Benjamin Franklin John Cotton and Roger Williams Anne Bradstreet and Edward Taylor ;the Influence of Puritanism to American Literature ;Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790);Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790);B. Life and Career (Early Years): 1. Calvinist background in Boston 2.Candle-maker’s family – “poor and obscure” 3.Little formal education Self-taught and self-made 4.Apprentice to his half brother A runaway boy from Boston to Philadelphia to make his own fortune 5.A successful printer who retired at 42 ; 6. He founded the Pennsylvania Hospital, the University of Pennsylvania, the American Philosophical Society（美国哲学学会）, a subscription library（订阅图书馆）. 7. He invented a musical instrument called glass harmonica, the effective street lighting, the Franklin stove, bifocal glasses（双光眼镜）, efficient heating system, and lightning-rod（避雷针） for which he was praised as “the new Prometheus who had stolen fire from heaven”. ;;C. His Major Writings: Poor Richard’s Almanac 1. Time: almost a quarter of century 2. Content: Literary pieces such as poems and essays, a good many adages（格言）, common sense witticisms（妙语、俏皮话） 3. Sources: he borrowed them from famous writers such as, Defoe, Swift and Pope and tried to simplify these quotations 4. Examples: Famous sayings such as “Lost time is never found again”, “God help them that help themselves”, “Fish and visitors stink in three days”（客人和鱼一样做久了就臭了）, etc.. 5. Function: practical, instructive, and amusing;The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin 1. Nature: Probably the first of its kind in literature. A simple ye