最新高中英语课件：高二英语上学期unit 1 grammar inf.pptxVIP

动词不定式的基本形式; 作主语:;在感叹句和疑问句中只能用it作形式主语 What fun it is to jump into a poor or lake in summer! How long did it take you to finish the work?;在某些形容词如clever, good ,nice, kind ,foolish, careless, right, wrong, rude, impolite等词之后的不定式前，常加of短语,这是对人做某事的赞扬，责备或感激等。;mind, miss, excuse, enjoy, escape consider, admit(承认)，advise, appreciate=enjoy（欣赏）, avoid, finish, face, practise, suggest, stop, delay（延迟）, imagine, include, keep, quit（离开）, resist(抵抗), risk（冒险）, understand, be used to, look forward to（期望）, object to, pay attention to, etc. 介词后接动名词作宾语;不定式既可作动词的宾语也可作介词的宾语.不定式作介词的宾语时,介词之后一般不直接接不定式，一般都是:疑问词+不定式作宾语. I’m worrying about what to do next. Marx gave some advice on how to learn a foreign language.;个别介词例外: do nothing but / except后的不定式不带to. I could do nothing but wait until he came back. 需要注意的是,此句型中but/ except 前必须要有实义动词do时，but / except后的不定式to才能省略，否则to则不省.我们用一句话概括就是：有do无to，有 to无 do． She has no choice but to wait for the news. There was nothing she could do but cry. He had no choice but to wait. He could do nothing but wait.;作表语;做定语(常常表示将来的动作);作定语的不定式与被修饰的名词或代词往往存在着两种逻辑关系，即被修饰的名词和代词是不定式的逻辑主语或逻辑宾语．;当被修饰的名词或代词是不定式逻辑上的宾语，而该不定式动词又是不及物动词时，应在该动词后加上一个介词以形成逻辑上的动宾关系．;作宾补;但当以上的动词用于被动式，to要还原： They saw the boy fall suddenly from the tree. The boy was seen to fall suddenly from the tree.;需要注意have, make的用法：have, make 用做使役动词，表“让，使，允许”等意，其后的不定式作宾补时，才可省to．如果用作一般实义动词，have表示“有”，make表示“制造”，“做”等意义，且后面的不定式作目的状语，定语等时，不定式符号to不能省．;作状语（修饰动词，表示动作的目的，结果，原因或条件等）;不定式用作结果状语时，还可以???: “so +adj./adv. +as to…” Jim got up so early as to catch the first bus. “too+ adj./adv. + to…” The maths problem is too difficult for us to work out. “adj./adv./n. + enough + to … The boy is old enough to go to school.;在there be结构中，作定语用的不定式如修饰主语时，即使表示被动的意义，也可用主动式来表示．;主动形式表被动意义的不定式 ;E.g.: The box is light enough to carry. The river water is warm enough to swim in.;Last summer I took a course on____. A how to make dresses B how dresses be made C how to be made dresses D how dresses to be made;The